Digestive system Flashcards
What is the definition of Digestion?
The breakdown of food into absorbable molecules
What is Mechanical/Physical digestion
Anything to decrease the size of food like Chewing, Churning of the stomach walls.
Chemical digestion
Use enzymes to break polymers into monomers
Enzymes: Salivary Amalase, Pepsin
Name the 4 processes of digestion
1) Ingestion- eat food
2) digestion-break down food
3) absorption-nutrients goes to body tissue
4) secretion-Release of metabolic waste
What organs does the oral cavity contain
Teeth
Tongue- tasting moving and manipulating food into a BOLUS
Salivary glands- Release salivary amylase
What is the pharynx? Where is it located?
Pharynx is located behind the nose, goes down the neck (back of the throat). Carries air and food down the throat
What is salivary amylase
An enzyme that digests starch or other polysaccharides into monosaccharides
Ex: == STARCH——-> MALTOSE = =
Explain the intersection of the throat
Laryngopharynx, separates the trachea for air and esophagus for food
Guarded by the Epiglotus
What is peristalsis?
Ruth magic muscle contractions that move food down the esophagus
Like an INCHWORM
What is the function of a sphincter
(Suh pink ter)
A ring-shaped muscle that relaxes or tightens to open or close a passage or opening in the body. -REGULATES THE PASSAGE OF FOOD TO THE BODY
Cardiac sphincter
Doorway to stomach
Stomach function in simple terms : explain churning
A J shaped muscular organ that digests and stored food. Churning through muscle contractions if the cell wall help better digestion of food
What is gastric juice
Signaled by gastric glands,
1) water and mucus, Pepsinogen, and HCl
Turns the bolis into acid CHYME
What is pepsin?
An activated enzyme of pepsinogen (with HCL) and breaks proteins into peptides
Explain stomach ulcers
Lesions in the stomach created by stomach acid digesting the internal tissue of the stomach
