Digestive Organs

Question 1

Tongue

Answer 1

Maneuvers food for mastication, shapes food into a bolus, maneuvers for deglutition, detects sensations for taste, and initiates digestion of triglycerides

Question 2

Salivary glands

Answer 2

Saliva produced by these glands softens, moistens, and dissolves foods; cleans mouth and teeth; initiates digestion of starch

Question 3

Teeth

Answer 3

Cut, tear, and pulverize food to reduce solids into smaller particles for swallowing

Question 4

Pancreas

Answer 4

Pancreatic juice buffers acidic gastric juice in chyme, stops action of pepsin from the stomach, creates the proper pH for digestion in the small intestine and participates in the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, triglycerides, & nucleic acids

Question 5

Liver

Answer 5

Produces bile, which required for the emulsification and absorption of lipids in the small intestine

Question 6

Mouth

Answer 6

Fnx if tongue, salivary glands, and teeth. Additionally, the limbs and cheeks keep the food between the teeth during mastication, and buccal glands lining the mouth produce saliva

Question 7

Pharynx

Answer 7

Receives a bolus from the oral cavity and passes it to the esophagus

Question 8

Esophagus

Answer 8

Receives a bolus from the pharynx and moves it to the stomach; this requires relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter and secretion of mucus

Question 9

Stomach

Answer 9

Mixing waves combine saliva, food and gastric juice, which activates pepsin, initiates protein digestion, kills microbes in food, helps absorb vitamin B 12, contracts the lower esophageal sphincter, increases stomach motility, relaxes the pyloric sphincter, and moves chyme into the small intestine

Question 10

Small intestine

Answer 10

Segmentation mixes chyme with digestive juices; peristalsis propels chyme toward the ileocecal sphincter; digestive secretions from the small intestine, pancreas, and liver complete the digestion of carbs, proteins, lipids, & nucleic acids; circular folds, villi, and microvilli help absorb about 90% of digested nutrients.

Question 11

Large intestine

Answer 11

Haustrual churning, peristalsis, and mass peristalsis drive the colonic contents into the rectum; bacteria produce some B vitamins and vitamin K; absorption of some water, ions, and vitamins occurs; defecation