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Anatomy Ch 17 Digestive > Digestive > Flashcards

Digestive Flashcards

1
Q

This layer is where goblet cells are and food touches.

A

Mucosa-mucous membranes

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2
Q

____ covers the gingiva and is the hardest substance in the body

A

Enamel

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3
Q

The mucosa of each fold is formed into millions of tiny finger like projections or ____ which give the inner surface a velvet appearance

A

Villi

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4
Q

____ is a wave of circular muscle contraction that sweeps down the tract propelling it’s contents forward

A

Peristalsis

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5
Q

What is the process of breaking down food into absorbable particles

A

Digestion

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6
Q

Aided by voluntary contractions of the diaphragm and the abdominal muscles, the feces are eliminated fe the body in a process called

A

Defecation

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7
Q

By which digested nutrients reach the blood is known as

A

Absorption

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8
Q

The small intestine is longer but is called the small intestine because of the

A

Diameter of it

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9
Q

_____ is an accessory structure located in the pancreas

A

Duodenum

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10
Q

The functions of the ____ ____ is secretion, digestion, and absorption. Large amount of mucus. Enzymes and hormones help with digestion. Minimal peristalsis

A

Small intestine

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11
Q

How many hours does it take for digestion to be completed

A

24-46 hours

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12
Q

____ is the main process for most digestion and absorption

A

Segmentation

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13
Q

_____ _____ Is wider in diameter and has muscular fibers called kinea.

A

Large intestine

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14
Q

Where does the large intestine begin and end

A

Begins in RLQ and ends in LLQ

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15
Q

____ is an organ that is lymphatic and has no digestive purpose

A

Appendix

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16
Q

The function in the _____ _____ has no enzymes, no digestion, and Minimal absorption of H2O

A

Large intestine

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17
Q

The external _____ is made of skeletal muscle

A

Spinchter

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18
Q

The internal ___ is made of smooth muscle

A

Spinchter

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19
Q

What is the purpose of feces

A

Bacteria ecoli, helps with normal flora. Feces help produce vitamin B&K

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20
Q

_____ means swallowing

A

Deglutition

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21
Q

____ means chewing

A

Mastication

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22
Q

____ is food and saliva that enters the mouth

A

Bolus

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23
Q

The ____ ____ reabsorbs some water, forms, stores, and eliminates stool

A

Large intestine

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24
Q

_____ ____ mixes food with secretions from pancreas and liver, digests food, absorbs nutrients and water into the blood or lymph

A

Small intestine

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25
Q

What part of digestive juice protects the stomach lining?

A

Mucous lining protects against HCI

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26
Q

Part of the digestive juice that kills against bacteria

A

HCI

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27
Q

What increases digestion

A

Parasympathetic nerve

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28
Q

What shuts down the digestive process

A

Sympathetic

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29
Q

What hormones are produced by the duodenum

A

GIP, CCK, and secretin

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30
Q

What prevents the backflow of feces into the small intestine? This is a valve

A

Ileoseccal valve

31
Q

What secretion that is made in the pancreas that ends in the duodenum to neutralize acidic chyme

A

Sodium bicarbonate

32
Q

List three main functions of the gallbladder

A
  1. Storage of bile
  2. Concentrated bile
  3. eliminates/contracts bile to the duodenum
33
Q

What is the function of bile salts

A

Emulsifys fats

34
Q

List the three enzymes from pancreas

A

Amalayse-starch
Tripsin-proteins
Lypase-fats

35
Q

____ is the highly acidic, semiliquid mixture of gastric juice and food that leaves the stomach to enter the small intestine

A

Chyme

36
Q

The main substance of the tooth is ____ and it’s a calcified substance harder than bone

A

Dentin

37
Q

It moves controlled amounts of food toward the throat to be swallowed called

A

Deglutition

38
Q

The ____ is a thin, shiny serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and also folds back to cover most of the organs contained within the cavity

A

Peritoneum

39
Q

The layer that comes in contact with the body wall is called the ____ ____

A

Parietal peritoneum

40
Q

When the stomach is empty, the lining forms many folds called

A

Rugae

41
Q

To break up fats into small particles

A

Emulsify

42
Q

A lymphatic capillary that drains digested fats from the villi of the small intestine

A

Lacteal

43
Q

To much sympathetic can result in

A

Ulcers

44
Q

Between meals, an empty stomach releases a hormone called

A

Ghrelin

45
Q

The mixture of lymph and fat globules that drain from the small intestine after fat has been digested is called

A

Chyle

46
Q

___ is a muscular ring that regulates the size of an opening

A

Sphincter

47
Q

Non digestible food that do not get absorbed

A

Cellulose

48
Q

Inner lining that has blood vessels and nerves in the teeth

A

Pulp cavity

49
Q

Enzymes that chemically break down carbs

A

Ptyalin(salivary glands)

50
Q

____ ____ is the digestion by chemicals

A

Chemical digestion

51
Q

_____ ____ actions that take places mechanically. An action that takes place mechanically

A

Mechanical digestion

52
Q

A watery mixture contains mucus and an enzyme called

A

Salivary amylase

53
Q

Accessory structures of the digestive system

A

Salivary glands
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas

54
Q

The ____ is an expanded J shaped organ in the superior left region of the abdominal cavity. It has a third inner oblique layer that aids in grinding food and mixing it with digestive juice

A

The stomach

55
Q

The ____ ____ ____ controls the passage of food from the esophagus to the stomach also called the cardiac sphincter

A

Lower esophageal sphincter

56
Q

What special cells in the stomachs lining secrete substances that mix together to form gastric juice

A

Parietal, goblet; and Cheif

57
Q

The ____ is located in the superior right portion of the abdominal cavity under the dome of the diaphragm lower side is level with the ribs. Reddish brown color.

A

The liver

58
Q

The functions of the _____ is a organ that has functions relating to the digestion, metabolism, blood composition, and elimination of waste. Manufacture of bile, motivation of fats, storage of iron and vitamins destruction of old blood cells, synthesis of urea, and detoxification

A

Liver

59
Q

Salivary glands

  1. Parotid glands
  2. Submandibular glands
  3. Sublingual glands
A

Know

60
Q

The ____ glands are the largest of the group and are located inferior and anterior of the ear

A

Parotid glands

61
Q

The ____ glands are also called submaxillary glands and are located near the body of the lower jaw

A

Submandibular glands

62
Q

The ____ glands are under the tongue

A

Sublingual glands

63
Q

Functions of the ____

  1. Manufacture bile
  2. Coverts glycogen to glucose
  3. Important site for fat storage
  4. Storage of iron and vitamins
  5. Formation of blood plasma proteins
  6. Destruction of old RBCs (bilirubin)
  7. Synthesis of urea
  8. Detoxification of harmful substances as in alcohol and certain drugs
A

Liver

64
Q

Functions of the ____ intestine

  1. Minimal digestion occurs here
  2. Some water is reabsorbed
  3. Undigested food is stored (feces)
  4. Produce vitamin K and b complexes
A

Large intestine

65
Q

The sight, smell, thought, taste, or feel of food in the mouth stimulates is through the

A

Nervous system

66
Q

The enteric nervous system ENS is also called the

A

Gut brain

67
Q

The tongue is what type of muscle

A

Skeletal

68
Q

When food mixes with saliva it is a _____ digestion

A

Chemical

69
Q

List the structures of the alimentary tube

A
  1. Mouth
  2. Pharynx
  3. Esophagus
  4. Stomach
  5. Small intestine
  6. Large intestine
70
Q

____ is alternating stationary, rhythmic contractions of the circular muscle that mix food with digestive juices

A

Segmentation

71
Q

The mouth contains chemical and mechanical digestion

A

Know

72
Q

Which intestine is the longest part of the digestive tract

A

Small intestine

73
Q

The portal vein and hepatic artery deliver about ____ qt of blood to the liver every minute

A

1.5 qt (1.6L)

Anatomy Ch 17 Digestive (1 decks)

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