digestive Flashcards
amebic dysentery
an intestinal disorder caused by a parasite
anastomosis
a surgical connection between two hollow or tubular structures
anorexia nervosa
an eating disorder characterized by a false perception of body appearance
antiemetic
medication that is administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting
aphthous ulcers
grey-white pits with a red border in the soft tissues lining the mouth; also known as canker sores or mouth ulcers
ascites
an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
bariatrics
the branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and control of obesity and associated diseases
borborygmus
borborygmus the rumbling noise caused by the movement of gas in the intestine
botulism
food poisoning characterized by paralysis and often death; caused by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum
bulimia nervosa
an eating disorder characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting
cachexia
a condition of physical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with diseases such as advanced cancer or AIDS
cheilosis
a disorder of the lips characterized by crack-like sores at the corners of the mouth
cholangiography
a radiographic examination of the bile ducts with the use of a contrast medium
cholangitis
an acute infection of the bile duct
cholecystalgia
pain in the gallbladder
cholecystectomy
surgical removal of the gallbladder
cholecyctitis
inflammation of the gallbladder associated with gall stones
choledocholithotomy
an incision into the common bile duct for the removal of gallstones
cholelithiasis
presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile duct
cholera
severe diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholera
cirrhosis
progressive degeneration of the liver
colonoscopy
colonoscopy the direct visual examination of the inner surface of the entire colon from the rectum to the cecum
aerophagia
the excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking, and is a common cause of gas in the stomach
hyperemesis
extreme, persistent vomiting that can cause dehydration
ileus
the partial or complete blockage of the small and/or large intestine
inguinal hernia
the protrusion of a small loop of bowel through a weak place in the lower abdominal wall or groin
jaundice
a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and the eyes
melena
passage of black, tarry, and foul smelling stools
morbid obesity
diseased state 3 times more than the ideal weight
nasogastric intubation
placement of a feeding tube through the nose into the stomach
obesity
excessive accumulation of fat in body
periodontium
consists of bones and hard tissue that surround and support teeth
peristalsis
series of wave life contractions of the smooth muscle
proctopexy
surgical fixation of a prolapsed rectum to an adjacent tissue or organ
regurgitation
the returning of swallowed food to the mouth
salmonellosis
infectious disease of intestines that is transmitted by food contaminated with feces
sigmoidoscopy
endoscopic examination of interior rectum and sigmoid colon
stomatorrhagia
described bleeding from mouth
trismus
describes any restriction to opening of mouth
ulceration colitis
chronic condition of unknown cause which is repeated episodes of inflammation of rectum
volvulus
twisting of the intestine on itself
xerostomia
dry mouth
diverticulosis
small pouches preset in the colon
dyspepsia
indigestion
dyphagia
difficulty in swallowing
eyes is
vomit
enteritis
inflammation of the small intestine
wry ration
belching
esophageal varices
enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
endoscopic procedure looking at the upper GI tract esophagus, stomach, and upper duodenum
gastroduodenostomy
removal of the pylorus
gastroesophageal reflux disease
upward flow of stomach acid
gastrostomy tube
surgically placed feeding tube from exterior of body into stomach
hematemesis
vomitting blood
hemoccult test
lab test for hidden blood in stool
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
herpes labialis
cold sores
hiatal hernia
part of the stomach protrudes through opening in diaphragm
