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a&p test 3 > DIgestive > Flashcards

DIgestive Flashcards

1
Q

Process by which food substances are changed into forms that can be absorbed through cell membranes.

A

Digestion

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2
Q

Nutrients within the GI tract are not inside the body until they are?

A

Absorbed from the intestines

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3
Q

To take food in

A

Ingestion

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4
Q

Chewing, Peristalsis, Churning

A

Mechanincal Digestion

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5
Q

Breaks down food particles through a series of metabolic reactions

A

Chemical Digestion

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6
Q

Movement-peristalsis

A

Propulsion

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7
Q

Passage of digested food from Gi tract into bloodstream

A

Absorption

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8
Q

Elimination of indigestible wastes

A

Defecation

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9
Q

Allimentary canal is also known as?

A

GI tract

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10
Q

What is the GI tract called? Where does it start and end?

A

Muscular tube, mouth and anus

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11
Q

What does the allimentary canal pass through?

A

Body’s ventral cavity

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12
Q

How long is the GI tract?

A

Around 28 ft

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13
Q

What does the Allimentary canal run through?

A

The entire tract

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14
Q

Name the four layers of the alimentary canal wall.

A
  1. Mucosa(inner)
  2. Submucosa
  3. Muscularis
  4. Sercsa(outer)
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15
Q

Innermost layer, surrounds lumen of tract

A

Mucosal

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16
Q

3 layers of the Mucosal

A
  1. Mucus epithelium
  2. Lamina Propria
  3. Muscualris Mucosae
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17
Q

Histology of Mucosal

A

Epithelium, Simple Columnar

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18
Q

What do glands of mucosal do?

A

Secrete mucus

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19
Q

Function of Mucosal layer

A

a. Protects again disease
b. Secretes mucus and enzymes
c. Absorption of end products of digestion(Mucus)

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20
Q

Beneath the mucosal layer

A

Submucosal layer

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21
Q

Histology of Submucosal?

A

Loose CT, glands, blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves

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22
Q

Function of submucosal

A

Nourishes mucosa, carries absorbed nutrients away

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23
Q

This layer of smooth muscle between submucosal and serosa

A

Muscularis Layer

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24
Q

Two layers of Muscularis

A

A. Circular Layer- around submucosa, controls diameter of passage way
B. Longitudinal Layer- Around circular layer, allows length of passageway to change

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25
Q

Function of Muscularis layer

A

Movement of food along the tract

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26
Q

Outermost layer

A

Serosal Layer

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27
Q

Histology of Serosal

A

tough, fibrous connective tissue

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28
Q

Functions of serosal layer

A

Lubrication, and free movement of canal on abdominal cavity

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29
Q

What are the movements of the tube?

A

Mixing and propelling nutrients

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30
Q

Wave-like contractions

A

Peristalsis

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31
Q

Circular muscle which prevents backflow

A

Sphincter muscles

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32
Q

(cardiac) sphincter, betweeen esophagus and stomach

A

Gastroesophageal Sphincter

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33
Q

Between the stomach and the small intestine

A

Pyloric Sphincter

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34
Q

Small intestine and large intestine

A

Ileocecal valve

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35
Q

Large intestine-Smooth muscle

A

Internal anal sphincter

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36
Q

Large Intestine-Skeletal muscle

A

External anal sphincter

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37
Q

Small outer region bounded by the lips and cheeks on the outside and gums and teeth on the inside

A

Vestibule

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38
Q

Extends from behind the teeth and gums to the opening of the pharynx

A

Oral Cavity

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39
Q

Function of Mouth and oral cavity and buccal cavity

A

Ingestion, Mechanical Digestion, Food preparation

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40
Q

What do the lateral walls of the mouth form?

A

Cheek

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41
Q

What do the cheeks consist of

A
  1. skin
  2. fat
  3. muscles
  4. Inner most lining
42
Q

Surrounds the mouth opening

A

Lips

43
Q

What do the lips consist of?

A

Skeletal muscles, Sensory receptors, and skin

44
Q

What are the lips covered by?

A

Thin layer of skin

45
Q

Vascularity of the lips?

A

Highly vascular

46
Q

Shallow vertical groove above upper lip

A

Philtrum

47
Q

Location of tongue

A

Floor of oral cavity

48
Q

What is the tongue connected to the floor of the mouth by?

A

lingual Frenulum

49
Q

What is the body of the tongue made up of?

A

Skeletal muscle

50
Q

What does the tongue contain?

A

Papillae

51
Q

Functions of the tongue

A

Mastication and deglutition

52
Q

chewing

A

Mastication

53
Q

swallowing

A

Deglutition

54
Q

Where is the palate located?

A

Rood of oral cavity

55
Q

Where is the hard palate?

A

Anterior portion

56
Q

Where is the soft palate?

A

Posterior portion

57
Q

Flap of tongue that keeps food from entering the nasal passageways.

A

Uvula

58
Q

First set of teeth to develop

A

Primary teeth

59
Q

what months do they develop during(primary)?

A

6-24 months

60
Q

Amount of primary teeth

A

20

61
Q

They are also know as(primaries)?

A

Decidous, baby

62
Q

Secondary teeth are formed when?

A

6-12 years

63
Q

Amount of secondary

A

32

64
Q

How many incisors?(front)

A

8-breaks into small pieces

65
Q

How many cuspids?(canine)

A

4-Grasping/tearing

66
Q

How many bicuspids?(premolars)

A

8-Grinding

67
Q

How many molars?

A

12-Grinding

68
Q

Exposed part above the gum line

A

Crown

69
Q

Below the gum, fits in the alveolar process

A

Root

70
Q

Covering of crown-Hardest substance in the body

A

Enamel

71
Q

Living tissue beneath the enamel, bulk of tooth

A

Dentin

72
Q

Narrow part surrounded by gums

A

Neck

73
Q

What do salivary glands secrete?

A

Saliva

74
Q

What are the functions of saliva?

A

Lubrication, cleans mouth and teeth, binds food particles, and begins chemical digestion.

75
Q

What kind of secretion are serous?

A

Watery, fluid

76
Q

What do serous secretions contain?

A

Amylase, digests carbohydrates

77
Q

What are mucous secretions?

A

Thick, cloudy, fluid

78
Q

Lies over the masseter, in front and below ears

A

Parotid glands

79
Q

Largest salivary gland

A

Parotid gland

80
Q

Parotid gland has what type of secretion?

A

Water, serous fluid

81
Q

Parotid has what type of enzyme?

A

Amylase

82
Q

What does Parotid glands drain through?

A

Stenson ducts

83
Q

Location of submandibular glands

A

Floor of mouth

84
Q

Size of submandibular glands

A

Walnut, below angle of lower jaw

85
Q

Submandibular secretion?

A

Mixed glands, mainly serous fluid

86
Q

Location of sublingual glands

A

Floor of mouth, below tongue

87
Q

Smallest salivary gland

A

Sublingual

88
Q

Secretion of Sublingual

A

Mucous

89
Q

Where does sublingual drain?

A

Beneath the tongue

90
Q

The pharynx is also know as the?

A

Throat

91
Q

Tube length of pharynx

A

around 5 in

92
Q

Behind nasal cavity

A

Nasopharynx, air only

93
Q

Behind oral cavity

A

Oropharynx, food only

94
Q

Behind larynx

A

Laryngopharynx, food only

95
Q

collapsible tube

A

Esophagus

96
Q

How long is esophagus?

A

around 10 to 22 inches

97
Q

function of esophagus

A

Passageway for food, connects mouth to stomach

98
Q

Opening in the diaphragm

A

Esophageal hiatus

99
Q

movement of food

A

Peristalsis

100
Q

J-shaped pouch

A

Stomach

a&p test 3 (1 decks)

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