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Bio of Animals Lecture 3 > Digestive > Flashcards

Digestive Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Essential amino acids:

A

histidine
isoleucine
leucine
lysine
methionine
phenylalanine
threonine
tryptophan
valine

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2
Q

Food chain:

A

hierarchical, linear transfer of matter among different organisms

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3
Q

Food web:

A

the combined food webs in an ecosystem

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4
Q

Heterotroph:

A

an organism that eats other organisms to obtain energy (compare to autotroph)

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5
Q

Carnivore:

A

an organism that derives nutrients from animals

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6
Q

herbivore:

A

an organism that derives nutrients from plants

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7
Q

Fungivore:

A

an organism that derives nutrient from fungus

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8
Q

Piscivore:

A

an organism that primarily derives nutrients from fish

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9
Q

Insectivore:

A

an organism that primarily derives nutrients from insects

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10
Q

Many animals obtain nutrients from food through a…

A

digestive system

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11
Q

Some animals obtain nutrients passively through…

A

filter feeding

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12
Q

Some animals obtain nutrients passively through…

A

filter feeding (e.g. sponge)

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13
Q

Cnidarians are carnivorous and capture prey with…

A

nematocysts

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14
Q

Ctenophores capture prey using their…

A

combs and tentacles

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15
Q

What phylum excretes digestive enzymes to break down algae and then absorb nutrients?

A

Placozoans

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16
Q

Flatworms (platyhelminthes) ingest food through an…

A

external pharynx

17
Q

Many lophotrochozoans use what to feed?

A

lophophores (e.g. cycliophorans, bryozoa, and phoronida)

18
Q

Mollusks have a diversity of feeding strategies…

A

carnivorous, filter feeding

19
Q

Giant tube worms rely on…

A

symbiotic bacteria to process hydrogen sulfide from deep sea vents

20
Q

Nematodes eating strategies…

A

piercing stylet, also slice or gulp

21
Q

arthropods also have a variety of feeding strategies, dependent on their mouthparts…

A

filter feeding, modified appendages

22
Q

Yeti crabs eat…

A

bacteria they farm on their fury claws

23
Q

Insect mouthparts…

A

chewing, piercing-sucking, sucking

24
Q

some insects don’t have a…

A

mouth, or have reduced mouths as adults (e.g. luna moth, mayflies)

25
Q

What do seastars due to eat…

A

invert their stomachs

26
Q

chordates (like other groups) are a mix of…

A

herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores

27
Q

Chordates digestive systems can be specialized depending on their…

A

diet

28
Q

Ruminants:

A

a clade of mammals that possess a rumen

29
Q

Ruminants include six families:

A

giraffes, deer, cows, and relatives

Bio of Animals Lecture 3 (5 decks)

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