Digestion in Swine Flashcards
swine are ______ and have a ______
monogastric, simple/glandular stomach
swine eat this type of diet
omnivorous
mouth (swine)
- used primarily for grinding feed (mechanical digestion)
- pigs do not typically chew that much
- saliva has a pH of 7.4 and moistens feed/helps in chewing and swallowing
Name the three pairs of salivary glands (swine)
- parotid
- mandibular
- submaxillary
Pigs produce this enzyme in their saliva - and are the only ‘farm’ animal with any amount of it in the saliva
ptyalin or salivary amylase
why is salivary amylase bad at its job? (swine)
feed does not stay in the mouth long enough, and the enzyme is denatred in the stomach
how much can a pig’s stomach hold?
2 gallons
What are the components of gastric juice in pigs
- mucin (produced by neck cells)
- HCl (produced by parietal cells)
- pepsin/ogen (produced by chief cells)
Where does digestion of protein start? Where is it completed?
starts in the stomach, ends in the SI
How long is the pig’s small intestine? How much can it hold?
60ft long, holds 2.5 gallons
What is the function of the small intestine secretions in terms of digestion? (Pancreatic, bile, duodenum, etc.)
- pancreatic juice - enzymatic digestion
- bile - chemical digestion
- duodenal juice - enzymatic
- movement of intestinal wall - mechanical digestion
Where does absorption occur?
the main site of absorption is the jejunum and the secondary site of absorption is the ileum
What are the components of pancreatic juice?
enzymes for proteins, fats, and CHO
buffers like sodium carbonate and bicarbonate
insulin for CHO metabolism
Bile
- produced in the liver, stored in the gallbladder
- emulsifies fat
- aids in the digestion of fat soluble vitamins
- activates lipase
what is the main source of lipase?
pancreatic lipase
what does lipase do?
converts fat into fatty acids and glycerol
How are carbohydrates digested?
pancreatic amylase - converts starch into maltose
brush border enzymes - maltase, sucrase, and lactase
Brush border enzymes and functions
- maltase - converts maltose to 2 a-D-glucoses
- sucrase - converts sucrose to an a-D-glucose and b-D-fructose
- lactase - converts lactose into a glucose and galactose
- isomaltase - converts isomaltose into 2 glucoses
Protease enzymes (4) and function
- Trypsin (pancreas) - secreted as zymogen trypsinogen, activated by Ca ions and the enyzme enterokinase from brush border. Trypsin breaks proteins down into amino acids and peptides
- Chymotrypsin (pancreas) - secreted as chymotrypsinogen, activated by trypsin, breaks down proteins into amino acids and peptides
- carboxypeptidase (pancreas) - secreted as procarboxypeptidase, activated by trypsin, breaks peptides down into amino acids
- Aminopeptidase (brush border) - acts on small peptides, breaks them down to amino acids
go look at the diagram in your notes for digestion :^) (swine)
Large intestine (swine)
-16ft in length, holds 2.5 gallons
- consists of colon and cecum, and terminates as the rectum at the anus
- the cecum is 10in long, holds 0.5 galons
- the colon is 16ft long and holds 2 gallons
- absorbs WATER, VFAs, and acts as a reservoir for waste materials!!!!!
