digestion and nutrition

Question 1

main function of food

Answer 1

• nutrients for body functions and regulation

Question 2

carbohydrate –> amalyase –> ???

Answer 2

sugers

Question 3

proteins are broken down by ……… to form amino acids

Answer 3

protase

Question 4

?……..? –> broken down by lipase into fatty acids and glycerol

Answer 4

fats

Question 5

Energy value of carbohydrates (per gram)?

Answer 5

4 Kcal per gram

Question 6

Energy value of protein (per gram)?

Answer 6

4 Kcal per gram

Question 7

Energy value of fats (per gram)?

Answer 7

9 Kcal per gram

Question 8

Energy value of alcohol (per gram)?

Answer 8

7 Kcal per gram

Question 9

what is the Basel Metabolic Rate? (definition)

Answer 9

the number of calories required to keep your body functioning at rest.

Question 10

PAR - Physical activity ratio is?

Answer 10

ratio of energy expended for an activity divided by BMR (on a minute basis)

Question 11

Physical activity level (PAL) (definition)

Answer 11

sum of PAR for each activity preformed multiplied by the time spent during the day

Question 12

Total energy expenditure (TEE) / (divided by) basal metabolic rate (BMR)…. is the equation for what?

Answer 12

physical activity level (PAL)

Question 13

5 functions of the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT)

Answer 13

• digest
• absorb
• motility
• secretion
• excretion

Question 14

what is Motility?

Answer 14

is a term used to describe the contraction of the muscles that mix and propel contents in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)

Question 15

what is mastication?

Answer 15

also known as chewing, it is the process by which food is crushed and ground by teeth. It is the first step of digestion

Question 16

What is the function of saliva?

Answer 16

functions include, lubrication for the swallowing process, helping the process and protecting the ossophagus

Question 17

definition of Xerostomia

Answer 17

known as a dry mouth

Question 18

what is mucin

Answer 18

glycoprotein in mucus

Question 19

what are the major digestive enzymes? (4)

Answer 19

• lipase
• a-amalyase
• ribonuclease
• deoxyribonuclease

Question 20

where is bile secreted from?

Answer 20

duct cells and hepatocytes

Question 21

The length and diameter of the small intestine is?

Answer 21

• 6m long

- 2.5-3.5cm diameter

Question 22

Through what process does the body absorb most of its mineral intakes?

Answer 22

passive absorption

Question 23

what are the 3 shapes of bacteria found in the human gut

Answer 23

• rod
• spiral
• coccid

Question 24

4 factors effecting bacteria development

Answer 24

• initial colonisation at birth
• breast feeding
• formula that is ingested
• response to individual diet

Question 25

definition of Probiotics

Answer 25

a live microbial feed supplement which beneficially affects the host

Question 26

what are Prebiotic’s

Answer 26

Non-digestible food ingredients that selectively stimulate a limited number of bacteria in the colon, to improve host health

Question 27

what does DIT stand for

Answer 27

Diet induced thermogenesis