Digestion Flashcards
What is the main function of the digestive system?
To digest food and absorb nutrients obtained from digestion.
What is the role of the pancreas and the salivary gland in the digestive system?
The pancreas and salivary gland are glands which produce digestive juices containing enzymes.
What is the role of the stomach in t the digestive system?
Produces hydrochloric acid- kills bacteria and provides optimum acidic pH for protease enzymes to function.
What is the role of the small intestine in the digestive system?
The site where soluble food molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream.
What is the role of the liver in the digestive system?
Produces bile( stored in the gallbladder) which emulsifies lipids and allows lipase enzyme to work more efficiently.
What is the role of the large intestine in the digestive system?
Absorbs water from undigested food producing faeces.
What is the role of enzymes in the digestive system?
Enzymes are biological catalysts which speed up the rate of biological reactions without being used up.
How does the shape of an enzyme affect its function.
Enzymes have a specific active site which is complimentary to their substrate.
What is metabolism?
The sum of all the reactions in an organism.
What is the lock and key hypothesis of enzyme function?
The shape of an active site and substrate fit together perfectly to form a enzyme- substrate complex.
How does temp affect enzyme action?
If the temp is above an enzymes optimum temp, the active site becomes denatured so the enzyme can no longer carry out its purpose.
How does pH affect enzyme function?
If the pH of an enzyme if too high, the shape of an active site may be altered so the enzyme may no longer work.
Where are amylase,proteases and lipases produce in the body?
Amylase- salivary gland and pancreas. Maltose- small intestine.
Protease- stomach, pancreas, small intestine
Lipase,- pancreas and small intestine.
What is the role of amylase in the digestive system?
Amylase break down starch into maltase and Malta’s break down maltose into glucose.
What is the role of proteases in the digestive system?
Proteases break down proteins into amino acids.
What is the role of lipases in the digestive system?
Lipase break down lipids into three fatty acids and glycerol.
How are the products of digestion used?
Used to build bigger molecules such as carbohydrates and proteins. Glucose is used as a substrate in respiration.
Where is bile made and stored in the body?
Made in liver, stored in gall bladder.
What is the role of bile in the digestive system?
Neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fat droplets which increases the surface area
