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Bio > Digestion > Flashcards

Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

Order of digestion

A

Ingestion- taking in food

Digestion- biochemical process - breakdown of food into smaller parts

Absorption- small food particles

Assimilation- food particles become part of the cell

Egestion- removal of undigested food

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2
Q

Hardest part of our body? Which cells secrete this?

A

Enamel is the hardest part of our body

Cells secrete ameloblast

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3
Q

Dentin’s cell

A

Odontoblast

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4
Q

What is thecodont type of dentition

A

Tooth is embedded in the socket of skull

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5
Q

Bunodont type of dentition?

A

Teeths have low cusps

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6
Q

What is heterodont?

A

Different types of teeths: incisors, canines, premolars, molars

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7
Q 
No. Of roots in the following teeths?
Insisors
Canines
Premolars
Molars
A 
Insisors:  used for cutting (1 root)
Canine: used for tearing (1 root)
Premolar: used for chewing
                  U.J. 2 roots
                  L.J. 1 root
Molar: used for grinding & crushing
                  U.J. 3 roots
                  L.J. 2 roots
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8
Q

Dental formula for milk teeth

A

U.J. 2102
———. × 2
L.J. 2102

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9
Q

Dental formula for permanent teeth?

A

U.J. 2123
———. × 2
L.J. 2123

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10
Q

Monophyodont?

A

0021
——-. × 2. (Once in life)
0021

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11
Q

Diphyodont?

A

Twice in life

2102
——- × 2
2102

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12
Q

Structures present in tongue which has taste buds

A

Papillae

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13
Q

What are the types of papillae (from root to tip of the tongue)

A 
Circumvallate papillae (largest)
Foliate papillae (sides me rhte)
Filliform papillae ( centre me)
Fungiform papillae (red colour on the tip of the tongue)
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14
Q

What is the common chamber for food and air?

A

Pharynx

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15
Q

What is that hanging structure in the mouth?

A

Uvula

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16
Q

The oesophagus and trachea opens into

A

Pharynx

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17
Q

Layers of alimentary canal from outside to inside

A

Serosa - muscularis - sub mucosa - mucosa

18
Q

Which layer is composed of outer longitudinal muscle and inner circular muscle?

A

Muscularis

19
Q

Mucosa layers?

A

Muscularis mucosa
Lamina propria
Epithelium

20
Q

Sub mucosa has which type of connective tissue?

A

Areolar connective tissue

21
Q

Plexus present between serosa and muscularis?

A

Myenteric plexus / plexus of auerbach

22
Q

Plexus present in sub mucosa layer?

A

Neisnner’s / sub mucosal plexus

Also called brain of the gut

23
Q

Function of myenteric plexus ?

A

Peristalsis

24
Q

Function of neisnner’s plexus

A

Glandular secretion

25
Q

Folds in stomach is called

A

Rugae

26
Q

Folds in stomach is called

A

Rugae

27
Q

Folds in small intestine is called

A

Villi

28
Q

Is there any gland in oesophagus

A

No it has no glands

29
Q

Acidic food in stomach is called?

A

Chyme

30
Q

pH of stomach?

A

1.5-1.7

31
Q

Lowest part of stomach is called

A

Pylorus

32
Q

Different types of cells in gastric glands are?

A

Chief cell/ peptic cell/ zymogenic cell
Oxyntic cell/ parietal cell
Goblet cell
G- cell

33
Q

Inactive zymogens present in zymogenic cell are?

A

Pepsinogen
–> protein digesting
Prorennin

34
Q

Gastric lipase is present in which cell?

A

Zymogenic cell

35
Q

Oxyntic cell secrete?

A

HCL

Castle’s intrinsic factor

36
Q

Goblet cells secrete?

A

Mucus

37
Q

Functios of G- cell ?

A

Gastrin hormone

Stimulate gastric secretion and motility

38
Q

Functions of HCL

A
  • Provides acidic medium
  • kill microbes
  • inactivate salivary amylase
  • converts pepsinogen into pepsin
  • converts prorennin into rennin
  • converts ferric form into ferrous form
39
Q

Function of castle’s intrinsic factor?

A
  • absorption of vitamin B12
40
Q

What is required for RBC formation?

A

Vitamin B12 + ferrous

41
Q

Disease which occur when oxyntic cell is damaged?

A

Pernicious anaemia

42
Q

Parts of small intestine are?

A

Duodenum
Jejenum
Illeum

Bio (2 decks)

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