Digestia la om Flashcards

1
Q

Substante anorganice

A

apa saruri minerale

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2
Q

Substante organige

A

*vitamine-rol functional
*proteine-rol structural si functional
*lipide-rol energetic si structural
*glucide-rol energetic

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3
Q

Digestia=

A

totalitatea transformarilor pe care le sufera alimentele in tubul digestiv

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4
Q

Digestia mecanica

A

alimentele sunt zdrobite sfaramate si framantate

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5
Q

Digestia fizica

A

alimentele sunt dizolvate in sucurile digestive (saliva, bila, sucul gastric, intestinal si pancreatic

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6
Q

Digestia chimica

A

alimentele sunt descompuse de catre enzime in substante simple numite nutrimente

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7
Q

Enzime=

A

macromolecule proteice

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8
Q

Digestia bucala

A

se desfasoara in cavitatea bucala. Alimentele sunt maruntite cu dintii si limba impregnate cu saliva rezultand bolul alimentar

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9
Q

Mastecatie=

A

mestecarea alimentelor

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10
Q

Deglutitie=

A

inghitirea bolului alimentar

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11
Q

Saliva=

A

lichid incolor cu rol in digestie, vorbire, distrugerea bacteriilor

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12
Q

Digestia gastrica

A

are loc in stomac.
Bolul alimentar se amesteca cu sucul gastric si rezulta o pasta numita chim gastric care va trece in duoden
In stomac se descompun lipidele si proteinele

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13
Q

Sucul gastric contine

A

apa, acid clorhidric (distruge bacteriile), enzime

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14
Q

Digestia intestinala

A

are loc in intestinul subtire.
Chimul gastric se amesteca cu sucul pancreatic, bila si sucul intestinal.
Bila nu contine enzime dar emulsioneaza grasimile (le desfac in particule foarte mici)

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15
Q

In finalul digestiei intestinale

A

toate substantele complexe (cu molecula mare) din alimente sunt transformate in substante simple cu molecula mica/nutrimrnte: glucide-glucoza
proteine-aminoacizi
lipide-acizi grasi si glicerol

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16
Q

Absorbtia intestinala=

A

trecerea nutrimentelor din intestinul subtire in sange

17
Q

Sangele

A

transporta nutrimente la celule unde vor fi folosite pentru cresterea, dezvoltarea si functionarea organismului

18
Q

Substantele organice complexe-

A

nutrimente-sange-celule-energie

19
Q

Resturile ramase

A

nedigerate trec trec in intestinul gros si sunt supuse proceselor de fermentatie si putrefactie