DIG 2000 - lectures Flashcards by sharon m

GUI

graphical user interface

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BIT

smallest unit of info stored in computer

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nibble

4 bits

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bite

eight digits

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ASCII

american standard code for info interchange (numerical alphabet)

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LAN

local area network

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WAN

wide area network

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Node

one computer on a network

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HUB

central node on multinode system

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Ethernet

technology used to connect computers on land. (wires)

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MAC address

12 character hardware address unique to each “interface cord” on a network.

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IP address

(Internet Protocol) 12 digit software address unique to each “machine” on a given network.

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DNS

(domain name system) Matches IP address to names.

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TCP

allows computers on a network to form connections with each other.

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FTP

(file transfer protocol) allows computers to transfer files.

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SMTP

(simple mail transfer protocol) protocol that allows us to send mail

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pop3

allows us to receive mail

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http

(hypertext transfer protocol) Designed for us to use hypertext.

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URI

(uniform resource identifier) is the http. First part of url

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URL

uniform resource locator

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reflective control

light reflecting objects

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incident control

controlling lights. (think incinerate)

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exposure

aperture

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color additive

the mixing of colored light. Adding wavelengths

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color subtractive

mix pigments of color, subtracting wavelengths.

actual movement

movement in real world

apparent movement

when one stationary object is replaced by another stationary object.

induced movement

one object giving movement to one standing.

two types of graphics

BIT Map and vector

aliasing

jagged effect

anti-aliasing

filtered, more smooth than aliasing. Add intermediary shades

bezier curve

smooth curve specified by four control points

stroke

makes path visible. path: between points.

fill

fills inside a close path

rendering

when computer does animation

codec

compression decompression. Algorithms

png

portable network graphics

linear motif

reducing an image to lines

XML

(extensive markup language) portable way to carry data around.

W3C

www consortium

IO Processor

(Input Output) does calculations.

byte

8 bits

Moore's Law

every two years, power doubles.

Von Newman four parts

ALU, CPU, Memory, IO

ALU

(arithmetic logic unit) computing

CPU

(central processing unit) (control unit) keeps track of info, tells ALU

Memory

Sequence of RAM and ROM

RAM

"random access memory" changes info

ROM

"read only memory" firmware

buzz

different sections of computer connected by it. parallel and serial.

system software

manage computer operation. OS

(operating system) in charge, we tell it. SIngle user or multiuser. Both one stream of data.

nanosecond

one billionth of a second

MIDI

musical instrument digital interface

trademark

protects words, names, symbols, logos.

patent

protects rights of individuals who make discoveries or inventions.

trade secrets

information, design, and devices that companies want to keep secret

copy rights

protects authors of original works from damages caused by other people reproducing it.

persistance of vision

latency to eyes' response

interlacing

i. 535 lines, half at a time

progressive scanning

p. no interlacing. Ex. computer monitors

NTSC

(national television standards commission) 525 lines, 4:3.

Pal

phase alternating line. 6:9

spacial compression

each frame is compressed

temporal compression

sequence of frames

key feature

where change occurs

programs

list of instructions that directs steps of a computer.

assembly language

interprets binary

programing language

creates and controls systems (JAVA)

scripting language

controls an already existing system

variable

logical container for values

aray

structure to store a group of values as one entity.

function

abstraction of many script data into a single entity.

objects

script organized into collection of objects.

client side scripting

script executed on user's machine (HTML)

server side scripting

executed and processes on web server. CGI

CGI

(Common Gateway Interface) on server side scripting. High traffic server gets overwhelmed.

sprite animation

store single copy of all static element.

walk cycle

using pics over and over

tweening

the inbetweeners of key frames.

Basic

Bill Gates + Paul Allan

Visicalc

spreadsheet by Jobs

oscillator

breaks up time.