Diffusion and osmosis Flashcards
Which processes are passive?
Diffusion and osmosis
Which process is active?
Active transport
Why does active transport require energy?
It transports solutes against the concentration gradient
What three factors affect diffusion?
Temperature, surface area and concentration gradient
What does osmosis involve?
The movement of water through a partially permeable membrane
What is an isotonic solution?
A solution of equal concentration both sides of the partially permeable membrane
Which particles diffuse the fastest?
Small gas molecules such as O2
Why are there more mitochondria than usual in cells where active transport occurs?
More energy is needed to transport substances against the concentration gradient.
Which process occurs in the lungs?
Diffusion
What happens to cells when water enters them?
They swell up
What happens to cells when water leaves them?
They shrivel
Which processes occur in root hair cells?
Osmosis and active transport
Which gases diffuse into and out of cells?
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
Why does diffusion occur?
Particles in liquids and gases move randomly
Why does diffusion happen more quickly in gases than in liquids?
Particles in gases have more energy so move more quickly
