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PoD difficulties > Difficulties > Flashcards

Difficulties Flashcards

1
Q

What is the hounsfield unit a measure of?

A

How transparent a molecule is

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2
Q

What is the contrast agent most commonly used in MRI?

A

Gadolinium DTPA

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3
Q

When does an MRI scan only detect vessels?

A

When the contrast is injected

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4
Q

Is radiotherapy local or systematic therapy?

A

Local

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5
Q

What is the function of immunotherapy?

A

Designed to boost the the body’s natural defences against cancers

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6
Q

What does avastin inhibit?

A

Progression of a metastatic disease

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7
Q

What do tumour suppressor genes promote?

A

Apoptosis

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8
Q

What does VEGF stimulate?

A

Angiogenesis

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9
Q

What is drug interaction defined as?

A

The modification of a drug’s effect by prior or administration of a drug at the same time

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10
Q

What is the main mechanism used for drug excretion?

A

Glomerular filtration

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11
Q

What is the purpose of metabolism?

A

Increase water solubility

Aid excretion

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12
Q

Why is bulk flow so important?

A

Major mechanism in which drugs cross through the capillary walls

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13
Q

What does conjugation usually result in?

A

Increased water solubility

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14
Q

What must a drug leave to become active?

Then what must it enter?

A

The bloodstream

Enter the inter or intracellular spaces

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15
Q

Give 2 examples of plasma proteins that drugs bind to?

A

Albumin

Alpha-1 glycoprotein

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16
Q

How do drugs make their way to the potential site of action?

A

Through the blood stream

17
Q

What is the definition of drug bioavailability?

A

Amount of drug which reaches circulation and which is available for action

18
Q

Which 3 places in the body affect first pass metabolism?

A

Gut Lumen
Gut wall
Liver

19
Q

What does a high Tmax indicate?

A

High rate of absorption

20
Q

What type of administration is GTN spray an example of?

A

Sublingual/buccal

21
Q

What can drugs do in the GI tract?

A

Bind to each other

22
Q

What 3 reactions can occur in phase 1 metabolism?

A

Hydrolysis
Oxidation
Reduction

23
Q

What can CYP2D6 metabolise?

A

Some antidepressants and can also convert codeine to morphine

24
Q

Where does conjugation of a drug occur?

A

Phase 2 metabolism

PoD difficulties (1 decks)

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