difficult to remember Flashcards
when to use fiberoptic bronchoscope
when securing an airway if there is subcutaneous emphysema in the neck (sign of trachobronchial tree disruption)
clinical indicators of thermal and smoke inhalation injury include
- burns on the face
- singeing of the eyebros
- oropharyngeal infl
- blistering of carbon deposits
- STRIDOR
- HbCO more than 10%
- history of confinement in a burning building
indicatiors for cytoscopy
- gross hematuria with no evidence of glomerular or infection
- microscopic hematuria with no evidence of glomerular disease or infection but increased risk for malignancy
- reccurent UTI
- obstructive symptoms with suspicion for stricture, stone
- irritative symptoms without UTI
- abnormal bladder imaging or urine cytology
tic douloureux
aka trigeminal neuralgia
- manifests with short burst of excruciating, lancinating pain lasting from sec to minuts in the distribution of 2nd 3rd branches of the V nerve (etiology: compression of V)
postoperative fever - MNEMONIC
Wind (day 1-2) (lungs): Atelectasis, postoperative pneumonia
Water (day 3-5): UTI
Walk (day 5-7): DVT / PE + IV ACCESS LINES
Wound (day 7): surgical site infection
Weird (8-15): drug fever or deep abscess
Wonder (drugs/products): drug fever, blood products, IV lines
- Leyding tumor produces
- Yolk sac produces
- choriocarcinoma produces
- seminoma
- estrogens, testosterone
- AFP
- HCG
- placental ALP, mildly HCG
bladder injury - intra or extraperitoneal
dome (upper) –> intraperitoneum
neck, anterior wall or anterolateral –> extaperitoneum
Valvular insuf (incompetence)
the MCC of lower extremity edema –> worsens throughout the day and resolves overnight when the patient is recumbent
extremity vascular trauma - clinical manifestation
hard signs: observed puslatile bleeding, presence of bruit/thrill over injury, expanding hematoma, signs of distal iscemia
soft signs: history of hemorrhage, diminished pulses, bone injury, neurologic abnormalities
extremity vascular trauma - evaluation
if hard signs or hemodynamic instability: surgical expolation
otherwise: injured extremity index, CT or conventional angiography, Dupplex Doppler
Herniation syndromes - types
- Cingulate (subfalcine) herniation under falx cerebri
- Downward transtentorial (central) herniation
- Uncal herniation
- cererbellar tosilar herniation into the foramen
necrotizing fasciitis - clinical manifestation
- often antecedent history of minor trauma
- erythema of the overlying skin
- swelling + edema
- pain out of proportion to emanination findings
- systemic symptoms (FEVER + HYPOTENSION)
pyomyositis?
muscle abscess
similar presentation to necrotizing fasciitis, with fever, erythema, swelling + pain
limited to 1 muscle group and does not spread rapidly
prostetic joint infection - MC organisms
early: s. aures, gram (-) robs, anaerobes
delayed: coagulase (-) staph, enterococcim, propionibacerium species
late: staph aureus, gram (-) robs, beta hemolutic strep
RF for postoperative pulm complications
- older than 50
- emergency surgery or duration more than 3 h
- HF
- COPD
- Poor general health
