Differentials

Question 1

Causes of oral papillomas

Answer 1

Cowden syndrome
Verrucae
Focal epithelial hyperplasia/Heck disease
Traumatic fibroma
MEN2B mucosal neuroma
Goltz syndrome
Lipoid proteinosis

Question 2

Syndromic causes of facial papules

Answer 2

Dariers (with palmoplantar keratoses)
Cowdens
Niemann-Pick

Question 3

Causes of Facial Tricholemmomas

Answer 3

TS, MEN1 (angiofibromas)
Trichoepitheliomas
Fibrofolliculomas (Birt-Hogg-Dube)
Syringomas (Bacal cell nevus syndrome)

Question 4

Cause of diffuse hypomelanosis of scalp hair

Answer 4

Fanconi
Book syndrome
Down syndrome
Hallermann-Streiff syndrome
Teacher-Collins syndrome
Prolidase deficiency
Hyperthyroidism
Protein loss/deficiency - kwashiorkor, UC
Vit B12 deficiency
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Antimalarials

Question 5

Causes of premature graying of scalp hair

Answer 5

Piebaldism
Waardenburg syndrome
Vitiligo
Sudden whitening of the hair
Hereditary premature canities
Bird-headed dwarfism
Progeria
Werner syndrome
Ataxia telangiectasia
Rothmund-thomson
Dyskeratosis congenita
Fisch syndrome
Myotonic dystrophy
Prolidase deficiency
Oasthouse disease

Question 6

Causes of blaschkoid hypopigmentation

Answer 6

Linear nevoid hypopigmentation/hypomelanosis of ito
Lichen striatus
Focal dermal hypoplasia (goltz)
Menkes kinky hair syndrome
Conradi-Hunermann-Happle
Epidermal nevus
Linear lichen sclerosus
Segmental vitiligo
Incontinentia pigmenti: stage 4

Question 7

Causes of Guttate Leukoderma

Answer 7

Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis
PLC
LS
Leukoderma punctata (post PUVA)
Vitiligo ponctue
Darer
Confetti-like of tuberous sclerosus
Xeroderma pigmentosum
Cole disease
Frictional lichenoid dermatitis
Pityriasis alba
Tinea versicolor
Clear cell papulosis

Question 8

Acquired causes of poliosis (White streak of hair)

Answer 8

Vitiligo
Halo naevus
AA
Post-inflammatory: lupus, blepharitism, zoster, post-trauma
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome
Alezzandrini syndrome
Melanoma-assoc leukoderma
Medications - imiquimod, latanoprost, tyroskine-kinase inhibitors

Question 9

Inherited causes of poliosis (white streak in hair)

Answer 9

TS
Piebaldism (frontal midline)
Waardenburg (frontal midline)
Isolated white forelock
Isolated occipital white lock (XLR)
Osteopathic striata (AD, XLD)
NF1 (over a NF)
Prolidase deficiency
Marfans

Question 10

Causes of Leonine Facies

Answer 10

Scleromyxoedema
Lepromatous leprosy
Leishmaniasis
Cutaneous lymphoma
Actinic reticuloid chronic actinic dermatitis
Leukaemia cutis
Systemic amyloidosis
Lipoid proteinosis
Nodular mastocytosis
Sarcoidosis
Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis
Progressive nodular histiocytosis
Pachydermaoperiostosis

Question 11

Causes of subcorneal pustulosis

Answer 11

Impetigo
Superficial candida
Dermatophyte infection
superficial folliculitis
Pemphigus foliaceus
IgA pemphigus
Subcorneal pustular dermatosis (Sneddon-Wilkinson Disease)
Pustular psoriasis
AGEP
Transient neonatal pustular melanosis
Acropustulosis of infancy