Differential educational achievement: Gender (External factors)

Question 1

Feminism

Answer 1

The feminist movement has improved the rights of women as well as raising expectations and self esteem/motivation of women. Women are no longer strictly bound to the mother or housewife role

Question 2

feminism: Impact on achievement

Answer 2

Sharpe - increased employment opportunities means that females have become extremely ambitious and aim for ‘high professions’ such as doctors and solicitors
More role models who ‘have it all’

Question 3

Changes in the family

Answer 3

Primary socialization - traditional female socialization is more suited to education than typical male socialization - bedroom culture
More lone parent families headed by women and dual earning families has raised girls aspirations

Question 4

Changes in the family: Impact on achievement

Answer 4

Bedroom culture - quite, reading, submissive attitudes which are favored in school - ideal pupil

Question 5

Changes in women’s employment

Answer 5

Mitsos and Browne - growing service sector has created more feminized career opportunities for women - health care, teaching, childcare professions
Equal pay act - more opportunities

Question 6

changes in women’s employment: Impact on achievement

Answer 6

Changes have encouraged girls to see their future as more than housewives and mothers but having greater career opportunities and financial independence
Aspirations to get these jobs push girls to do well in education in order to achieve these career goals