Differential educational achievement - Class Flashcards
What does ‘Middle Class’ refer to in the context of educational occupations?
Occupations that are mostly white collar and professional jobs.
What does ‘Working Class’ mean in terms of occupations?
Mostly blue collar and manual jobs.
Define Internal Factors in education.
Factors inside of the school which influence educational achievement.
What is Educational Triage?
Putting students into 3 streams: M/C in the top streams, C/D borderline, W/C in lower streams.
What is meant by A-C Economy in education?
Schools are judged based on the number of students who achieve A - C grades at GCSE.
What does Cultural Deprivation refer to?
Having inferior norms and values, skills, and knowledge that make it difficult to access education.
How does parents’ education affect children’s cognitive development?
Parents who challenge their children to evaluate their thinking are more likely to have children with higher cognitive ability.
What language codes do Working Class and Middle Class students use according to Bernstein?
Working Class use a restricted code; Middle Class use an elaborate code.
What impact do parental attitudes have on educational achievement according to Douglas?
Working Class parents place less value on education, leading to lower motivation and achievement in children.
List the four elements of the Working Class subculture as identified by Sugarman.
- Fatalism
- Collectivism
- Immediate Gratification
- Present time Orientation
What is Labeling Theory in education?
Teachers attach labels to pupils based on how closely they fit the ideal pupil, influencing their interactions.
What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?
When students take on the label attributed to them by the teacher or school, leading to behaviors that confirm the label.
What is the difference between setting and streaming?
Setting is the placement of students into ability classes within individual subjects; streaming is across all subjects.
What are Anti-school subcultures?
Groups of students who reject school values, often leading to truancy and disruption.
What defines Pro-school subcultures?
Students committed to school values and gain approval through academic success.
