Differential diagnosis 1 Flashcards
What are primary headaches
Migraine
Cluster
Tension
Analgesic headache
Benign Thunderclap
What are secondary headaches
Brain Tumour Meningitis Bleeding Temporal Arteritis Acute Glaucoma Sinusitis
What are the signs and symptoms of migraine
Bad headache Nausea Photophobia Phonophobia Osmophobia 3-72 hours
What sex is more commonly having migraines?
Women
What are the signs and symptoms of cluster headache
Severe side locked headache
30-90 minutes
Unilateral tearing
Unilateral red eye
Unilateral nasal stuffiness
Pacing behavior
Circadian
Circannual
What sex is more commonly having cluster headache?
Men
What are the signs and symptoms of temporal arteritis
Tender scalp Thick, ropey temporal arteries Fever Weight loss Night sweats Raised inflammatory markers
What does temporal arteritis lead to
Blindness
What do you do if you diagnose someone with temporal arteritis
Steroid and biopsy ASAP
What are the signs and symptoms of Acute Glaucoma
Headache
Vomiting
Eye pain
Rock hard eye
Blurred vision
Mid dilated pupil
What do you do if you diagnose someone with acute glaucoma
Get optician or ophthalmologist to
measure eye pressure
What are the signs and symptoms of temporal arteritis
Infection or inflammation of the airways
sinuses
Can cause facial pain/pressure feeling
Often associated with nasal discharge
What type of sinusitis is dangerous?
Sphenoid
Because it presses on cranial nerves
What does frontal sinusitis also cause?
Frontal headache
What are the signs and symptoms of Tension Headache
a mild, featureless
headache
What are the signs and symptoms of Analgesic Headache
chronic featureless dull headache
What do you do if you diagnose someone with Analgesic Headache
Avoid opiates, compound
analgesics or triptans more than 10
days/month
What are the signs and symptoms of Trigeminal Neuralgia
Severe Unilateral Cheek + Jaw >> forehead Electric pain Triggerable Usually < 2 minutes
What are the causes of headache
dehydration,
hangover, influenza, high altitude, high pressure and
hyponatraemia
How does high intracranial pressure cause pain
stretches the dura causing pain
How does low intracranial pressure cause pain
stretches nerves and blood vessels
What does carbon monoxide poisoning cause?
headache, fatigue, confusion
