Different types of pathogens Flashcards
Definition of a pathogen
organism that can cause disease
What are the 4 types of pathogen?
-fungi
-bacteria
-virus
-protoctista
Definition of a disease
-a condition that impairs the normal functioning of an organism (plant/animal)
What is the structure of fungi?
-under ground- mycelium
-above ground-fruiting body
-hyphae make up mycelium
Structure of a virus
-nucleic acid genome (innermost)
-protein capsid
-phospholipid envelope
-spike projections
Features of a proctista
-nucleus
-food vacuole/contractile vacuole
-cytoplasm
-cell membrane
-pseudopod
What is fungi and how does it spread?
-eukaryotic organism that forms spores which travel in air and land on humans/are inhaled
What is bacteria and how does it spread?
-prokaryotic organism that can spread by:
-droplets/dust
-direct/indirect contact
-vector
-contaminated food
What is a virus and how does it spread?
sub microscopic infection that spreads via droplets, direct contact, contact with surfaces or aerosols, infect host cells and make many copies of themselves
What is protoctista and how does it spread?
(protist) eukaryotic organism, spread by vectors
What is a parasite?
an organism that lives on/in a host organism and gets its food from or at the expense of its host
Which pathogen causes ‘tuberculosis’, and description?
-bacterium
-affects animals (cattle)
-affects many parts of body such as respiratory system, kills cells and tissues
Which pathogen causes ‘bacterial meningitis’, and description?
-bacterium
-affects humans
-infection of meninges-membranes that surround brain and spinal cord
Which pathogen causes ‘ring rot’, and description?
-bacterium
-affects potatoes
-affects leaves and potato tubers
Which pathogen causes ‘blight’, and description?
-protist
-affects potatoes/tomatoes
-ring of decay in vascular tissue, leaf wilting
Which pathogen causes ‘malaria’, and description?
-protist
-affects animals/humans
-parasite in blood, causing headache and fever, eventual coma and death
What are some symptoms of malaria?
-high fever
-sweating
-headache
-abdominal pain
-vomiting
-coma
Which pathogen causes ‘HIV/AIDS’, and description?
-virus
-affects humans
-attacks immune system
Which pathogen causes ‘influenza’, and description?
-virus
-affects animals/humans
-attacks respiratory system and causes muscle pain and headaches
Which pathogen causes ‘tobacco mosaic virus’, and description?
-virus
-affects plants
-mottling and discolouration of leaves
Which pathogen causes ‘black sigatoka’, and description?
-fungus
-affects banana plants
-leaf spots on banana plants, reduced yield
Which pathogen causes ‘ring worm’, and description?
-fungus
-affects cattle
-fungus growth in skin, spore cases erupt through skin and cause rash
Which pathogen causes ‘athlete’s foot’, and description?
-fungus
-affects humans
-growth under skin of feet, in between toes
