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PARASITOLOGY QUIZ 2 LABORATORY > DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES > Flashcards

DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES Flashcards

1
Q

ARTIFACTS THAT MAYBE MISTAKEN FOR PARASITE

A

PLANT CELL
VEGETABLE FIBER
MEAT FIBER
VEGETABLE HAIR\
POLLEN GRAINS
VEGETABLE SPIRALIS
STARCH GRANULES
BUBBLES

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2
Q

IN STOOL EXAMINATION THERE ARE 2 TYPES

A

QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUE \
QUALITATIVE TECHNIQUE

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3
Q

IN QUALITATIVE TECHNIQUE THERE ARE 2 TYPES

A

UNCONCENTRATION TECHNIQUE
CONCENTRATION TECHNIQUE

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4
Q

UNCONCENTRATION TECHNIQUE UNDER

A

SIMPLE SMEAR

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5
Q

2 TYPES OF CONCENTRATION TECHNIQUE

A

FLOTATION TECHNIQUE
SEDIMENTATION TECHNIQUE

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6
Q

UNDER OF FLOTATION TECHNIQUE

A

Brine flotation
Sugar flotation
Zinc- sulfate flotation

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7
Q

UNDER OF SEDIMENTATION TECHNIQUE

A

Simple sedimentation
Centrifugal sedimentation
Formalin ether concentration technique

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8
Q

are hexogonal bipyramidal structures localized in the primary granules of the cytoplasm of eosinophils and basophils

A

Charcot Leyden crystal

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9
Q

their presence, along with eosinophilic infiltrate, is an indirect evidence of parasitic infestation, particulary with

A

Toxocara, capilliriasis, ascariasis or fasciola

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10
Q

are formed from the?

A

breakdown/ disintegration of eosinophils

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11
Q

and maybe seen in the stool or sputum of patients with

A

parasitic diseases

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12
Q

indicate inflammation

A

PMNs

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13
Q

indicate immune response to a parasitic infection

A

eosinophils

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14
Q

ulcerations or bleeding

A

red blood cells

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15
Q

phagocytes, active macropahage can be mistaken for amebic trophozoites

A

macropahages

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16
Q

released with the disintegration of eosinophils , may indicate presence of hypertensitivity or arasitic ingfections, especially amebiasis

A

Charcot Leyden crystals

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17
Q

Fungal spores from blank, yeast and yeast-like fungi

A

Candida spp

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18
Q

sodium hydroxide + blank of stool specimen

A

4g

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19
Q

eggs counted x blank x factor = number of eggs per gram

A

200

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20
Q

factor will depend on stool consistency

A

hard (x1)
mushy (x2)
loose (x3)
liquid (x4)

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21
Q

do not use this technique in

A

liquid stool

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22
Q

used to isolate

A

schistosoma spp

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23
Q

look for the bkank (first ova larva)

A

Maracidium

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24
Q

provide the ability to detect small numberd of parasites that might not be dtected using direct wet preparation

A

concentration techniques

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25
Q

to aggregate parasites present into a small volume of the sample and to remove as much debris

A

purpose

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26
Q

to aggregate parasites present into a small volume of the sample and to remove as much debris

A

purpose

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27
Q

protozoan blank do not usually survive the procedure

A

trophozoites

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28
Q

concentration can separate protozoan cysts and helminth eggs from a larger amount of stool usually what gram in amount? based on differences in specific gravity

A

1 gram

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29
Q

2 types of concentration methods

A

sedementation
flotation

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30
Q

parasites are concentrated in the sediment of the tube following centrifugation and the sediment is examined microscopically

A

sedimentation

31
Q

parasites are less dense than the solutions used and , during centrifugation they float to the surface

A

flotation

32
Q

most widely used

A

formalinethyl acetate sedimentation

33
Q

procedure in formalin ethyl acetate sedimentation

A
  1. ethyl acetate is added to a saline washed formalin fixed sample and the tube is then centrifuged
  2. The tube is then decanted and the sediment is examined in a wet prep, unstained (i.e with saline) and with iodine
34
Q

parasite are blank than the solution and settle in the sediment of the tube, whereas fecal debris is usually lighter and rises to the upper layer of the test tube

A

heavier

35
Q

advatange of formalin ethyl acetate sedimentation

A

provides good recovery of most parasites and iiis easy to perform

36
Q

disadvantage of formalin ethyl acetate sedimentation

A

the preparation contains more fecal debris than a flotation technique and is more challenging to the microspist

37
Q

kato thick

A

qualitative examination

38
Q

kato katz

A

quantitaive examination

39
Q

debris is heavy and sinks to the blank of the test tube and potential parasites are lighter and float toward the top of the tube

A

bottom

40
Q

advantage of zinc sulfate flotation method

A

more fecal debris is removed yields a cleaner preparations easier for microscopic examination

41
Q

disadvantage of zinc sulfate flotation method

A

some helminth eggs are very dense and will not float, therfore some parasites will be missed

42
Q

in surface fil what parasite

A

light

43
Q

in the sediment what parasite

A

heavy

44
Q

stools are directly mixed with ?

A

brine

45
Q

it is need to centrifuge in brine solution or not?

A

no need

46
Q

it is lost cost and simple in brine solution or not?

A

lost cost and simple

47
Q

not useful for blank

A

operculated eggs

48
Q

is like hookworm and schistosma become badly shrunken in this technique

A

helmith eggs

49
Q

solution preserved with phenol

A

boiled sugar

50
Q

best for the recovery of mainly cryptosporidiu, cyclospora, and cystisospora

A

coccidian oocysts

51
Q

used to isolate

A

schitodoms spp (mansoni)

52
Q

look for the ( first stage larva)

A

miracidium

53
Q

final procedure in the ova and parasite examination

A

permanent stained smear

54
Q

microscope slide that contains a fixed sample that has been dried and subsequently stained

A

permanent stained smear

54
Q

microscope slide that contains a fixed sample that has been dried and subsequently stained

A

permanent stained smear

55
Q

Helminth eggs or larvae are best dtetcted and identified using a ? technique

A

concentration

56
Q

prepared slide of see-through thickness made from a PVA- preservced sample for permanent staining

A

thinly

57
Q

slides are reviewed under

A

oil immersion (100x)

58
Q

? are reviewed before the slide can be considered ?

A

300 fields
negative

59
Q

most widely used permanent stain

A

wheatley trichrome stain

60
Q

reveals excellent morphology of the intestinal protozoa

A

Iron hematoxylin stain

61
Q

important permanent stain procedure for the detection of the oocycts of ?, as well as those of ? and ?

A

cryptosporidium
isospora
cyclospora

62
Q

modified acid fast stain incorporates a ? step

A

carbol

63
Q

this allows for the detection of acid fast parasites in addition to the other protozoa normally recovered using the iron hematoxylin stain

A

modified acid fast stain

64
Q

kits with monoclonal antibody
detects antigens in specimens

A

alternative tests

65
Q

preserved stool

A

unacceptable

66
Q

purpose of stool culture
to differentiate ? and ?

A

larvahookworm
strongyloides

67
Q

true or false
stool should not refrigerated because some species failed to develop when exposed to cold temperature

A

true

68
Q

or test tube culture method

A

harada mori

69
Q

filariform larvae generally moves downward against capillary movement collected water

A

hookworm

70
Q

larvae move upward accumulate in upper part of filter paper

A

strongyloides stercoralis

71
Q

positive stool are ixed with moistened soil or granulated charcoal
larvae harvested in Baermann procedure

A

capro culture

72
Q

protozoan that may be cultured

A

entamoeba species
acanthamoeba species
entamoeba histolytica
naegleria fowleri
toxoplasma gondii
trichomonas vaginalis

73
Q

culture media for protozoan culture

A

Boeck Drbohrlv media
Cleveland Collier
McQuay Diphasic charcoal media
Balamuth (nutrient fluid)
Diamond media- diphasic media
Novy Mcheal Nicole medi/ NNN for Leishmania spp and trypanosoma spp

PARASITOLOGY QUIZ 2 LABORATORY (1 decks)

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