Differences in Development between Developing Countries (D+H)

Question 1

Physical Factors - Climate

Answer 1

Any extreme climate will hinder development. Such extremes will make it difficult:
- to build houses and roads
- to farm the land
- to attract industry
Example: Somalia has experienced drought since 2015 triggering a food crisis.

Question 2

Physical Factors - Relief

Answer 2

Mountains and steep sloped make it difficult to form, live and earn a living.
Example: Nepal is one of the most rugged landscapes in the world. (HD10.6)

Question 3

Physical Factors - Natural disasters

Answer 3

Those areas likely to be hit by floods, hurricanes, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes or by drought tend to remain less developed . Money is spent on repainting infrastructure and humanitarian aid.
Example: Typhoon Haiyan tore through the central Philippines November 8th 2013, killing nearly 6,000 people and displacing more than 3.6 million. (HDI 0.718)

Question 4

Physical Factors - Mineral reserves

Answer 4

Countries may have mineral resources which can help development and trade. Saudi Arabia and similarly positioned Middle East countries have vast reserves of oil. They can also have stable government regimes/monarchies that leads to the generation of huge wealth. This wealth can “trickle down” to a wide sector of the population. Other countries may have no reserves of minerals in demand by developed countries.
Example: Oman (HDI 0.813)

Question 5

Physical Factors - Endemic Disease

Answer 5

Eg/Malaria, HIV/AIDS. These affect life expectancy and infant mortality. Restricted health services make little impact.
Example: Botswana (HIV/AIDS) (HDI 0.735)

Question 6

Human Factors - Type of Economics

Answer 6

GDP is higher in industrialized countries eg Tiger cub economics is SE Asia, where there is an emphasis on hi-tech products. Some poorer economies have to rely on the exportation of primary products which bring less money to the country.
Example: Indonesia (HDI 0.718)
Primary export example: Bangladesh.

Question 7

Human Factors: Political instability/governance

Answer 7

Many have unstable regimes or are suffering from border wars and/or civil wars eg Zimbabwe, Sudan. Corrupt governments may prevent wealth from reaching the poor eg Nigeria, for decades the government has acquired huge oil revenues, yet the country suffers from a lack of basic infrastructure and tons of millions live in poverty.
Example: Nigeria ( HDI 0.539)

Question 8

Human Factors - Low status of women

Answer 8

In Muslim countries eg Afghanistan, there is a lack of education and high birth rates. This results in large untapped workforce which could occupy highly paid jobs.
Example: Afghanistan (HDI 0.511)

Question 9

Human Factors - Encouragement of Entrepreneurial Skills

Answer 9

Encourages the ability to attract major world companies eg by offering an educated, resourceful and relatively cheap work force and/or incentives eg 10 years rent free factory sites in Vietnam.
Example: Vietnam ( HDI 0.704)

Question 10

Human Factors - Historical development

Answer 10

There was investment in colonies, but this was focused on things that would help the trade between the countries. Borders of some colonial countries were set without attention to tribal and cultural differences causing tensions and instability.
Example: Cameroon (HDI 0.563)

Question 11

Human Factors - Tourism

Answer 11

Countries with a tropical climate, attractive landscapes or cultural attractions can earn foreign currency through tourism. This provides an economic boost and can improve living standards and create new job opportunities.
Example: Thailand (HDI 0.777)