Dietary Disorders (Pgs 15-end) Flashcards
What is peak bone mass?
The stage at which the bone is strongest
When does peak bone mass occur for girls?
18
When does peak bone mass occur for boys?
20
What happens after peak bone mass?
Bone mass gradually decreases and osteoporosis and fractures become more likely
What can help to increases peak bone mass?
Getting adequate quantities of vitamin d and calcum and engaging in weight bearing activity
What is a weight bearing activity?
An activity in which bones bear body weight
What are some examples of weight-bearing activity?
Running, dancing, hockey
Does alcohol drinking affect bone health?
Yes
Does smoking affect bone health?
Yes
Name 3 dairy sources of calcium:
Cheese, yoghurt and milk
Name some non-dairy sources of calcium?
White flour, pulses, canned fish with bones, dried friut
Why is vitamin D important for healthy bones?
It is required to absorb calcium which is essential for bone health
List 3 good dietary sources of vitamin D:
Oily fish, eggs, dairy products
Where is vitamin D made?
Under the skin when it is exposed to sunlight, this is why is is sometimes called the ‘sunshine vitamin’
What is osteoporosis?
A condition that lowers bone density and weakens the bones
When does Type 1 diabetes occur?
When the body isn’t able to produce any insulin
What age are you more likely to be diagnosed with type 1 diabetes?
Under 40s
What part of the body produces insulin?
Pancreas
When does type 2 diabetes occur?
When the body produces some insulin but it either doesn’t work or there isn’t enough
How is type 2 diabetes managed?
By insulin tablets and injections
What percentage of people with diabetes have type 2?
90%
What is a trademark of people with type 2 diabetes?
They carry weight around their waist
Why are obesity levels rising?
More leisure time spent on sedentary hobbies, increased availability of unhealthy snacks and bigger portions.
What is the function of insulin in our bodies?
Allows glucose to enter our cells and to carry out respiration
If the insulin does not work properly what will happen to the blood glucose levels?
They will rise
What are some symptoms of type 2 diabetics?
Tiredness, needing to urinate often, feeling thirsty, losing weight, low immunity
What are some long term consequences of high glucose levels?
Damages or nerves in the hands and feet and damage to eyesight
How can you manage type 2 diabetes without medication?
A healthy diet and taking the recommended amount of emrgy
What is coeliac disease?
A condition that means the body can’t tolerate a protein called gluten
What are villi?
Finger-like projections that absorb nutrients efficiency
What does gluten do to the villi of a coeliac person?
The villi aren’t formed properly which means that they don’t absorb nutrients correctly
Where are the villi?
Small intestine
What are some symptoms of coeliac disease?
Nausea, tiredness, constipation and reduced growth in children
