Diet And Nutrition Flashcards
Balanced diet
A diet containing a variety of foods from each food group so there is an adequate intake of nutrients
Glucose
A simple sugar and the major source of energy for the body’s cells
Glycogen
The stored form of glucose found in the muscles and the liver
Glycemic index
This ranks carbohydrates according to their effect on our blood glucose levels
Cholesterol
A type of fat found in the blood
LDL (low-density lipoproteins)
Transport cholesterol in the blood to the tissues and are classes as ‘bad’ cholesterol since they are linked to an increased risk of heart disease
HDL (high-density lipoproteins)
Transport excess cholesterol in the blood back to the liver where it is broken down. Classed as ‘good’ cholesterol since they lower the risk of developing heart disease
Amino acids
Used in all body cells to build proteins
Electrolytes
Salts and minerals found in the blood that can conduct electrical impulses in the body
Dehydration
Occurs when the body is losing more fluid than it is taking in
Glycogen loading
A form of dietary manipulation to increase glycogen stores over and above that which can normally be stored
Used by endurance performers
Creatine
A compound the body can make naturally which supplies energy for muscular contraction; can also be used as a supplement to increase athletic performance
The ATP-PC system
An energy system that provides quick bursts of energy and is used for high intensity exercise but can only last for up to ten seconds
ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate)
Energy
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
A white soluble compound used as an antacid
