Diet and Lifestyle & Type 2 diabetes Flashcards
Low physical activity increases the risk of what? And by how much?
CHD - 22% Colon cancer - 16% Diabetes - 15% Strokes - 13% Breast cancer 11%
Low activity causes how many deaths in scotland? How much does it cost?
2,500
£94 million
What are the activity guidelines for adults?
> 150 mins moderate aerobic activity/>75 mins vigorous
Strength activity >2days a week
Being moderately active reduces the risk of T2DM by how much?
30-40%
Which age group has the widest gap in activity levels?
75+
42% men
23% women
How many adults meet activity targets?
63%
How does exercise reduce blood glucose?
Increased muscle uptake of glucose for atleast 16hrs
Increased insulin sensitivity
How can diabetics increase oral glucose tolerance?
Endurance exercise/increased volume of exercise
By which increasing which dietary factor, can we reduce the risk of T2D?
Fibre
Which factors can be changed to prevent diabetes?
Lifestyle change Less fat/carbohydrate More fibre Weight loss More exercise Lifestyle programs Maintain blood glucose/lipids
How much fibre is recommened a day?
30g/day
A 10mmol/mol reduction in HbA1C is associated with what?
12% reduced in all risk factors
25% reduced risk microvascular disease
16% reduced risk MI
Where does postprandial glucose typically peak in huamns?
7-8mmol/L (60% rise)
What amount of carbohydrate makes it difficult to maintain 7-8mmol/L?
60-70g carbs
How is buffering of ingested glucose maintained?
Increased muscle uptake
Suppression of hepatic Gluc output
