DIET Flashcards
Diseases: Nutrients Lacking
*Iron
*Thiamin
*Vitamin A
*Iodine
*Protein
*All nutrients
Osteomalacia
calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, magnesium, and fluoride
Osteoporosis
Calcium and vitamin D
Pallagra
Niacin
Rickets
Calcium and vitamin D
Scurvy
Vitamin C
Xerophthalmia
Vitamin A
a state in which a prolonged lack of one or more nutrients retards physical development or causes the appearance of specific clinical conditions (anemia, goiter, rickets, etc. – micronutrient deficiencies)
poor nutritional status
lead to acute thinness (wasting) or a long term reduction in child growth(stunting)
Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM)
occurs after weaning, when milk high in protein is replaced by a starchy staple food that provide insufficient protein
Kwashiorkor
a disease of edematous malnutrition. * Children with kwashiorkor have nutritional edema and metabolic disturbances, including hypoalbuminemia and hepatic steatosis
Kwashiorkor
is the condition where fat is accumulated in the liver caused by the imbalance between the delivery of fat in the liver and its subsequent secretion or metabolism
hepatic steatosis
Protein-Energy malnutrition
* As overall deficiency in food
* Small size for
chronological age
* Mental apathy
* Dry flaky skin
* Frequent infections
* Anorexia & diarrhea
* Red swollen lips
Marasmus
refers to an excess of body weight 10% greater than the standard
OVERWEIGHT
excess of body wt. 20% or more than the standard
OBESITY
excess of body wt. 30% or more than the standard
Extreme obesity
Increased intake of kilocalorie
High intake of sugar-based beverages
Decreased consumption of fiber based food
Fast pace of eating
Overnutrition
“global epidemic”
- Collecting information regarding actual and habitual dietary intake.
- Most commonly used data collected are food recalls, food frequency
questionnaire and food
Dietary intake
Use of combination of methods to obtain information regarding food
intake
Food Intake Data
detailed description of foods & beverages consumed in a 24-hour period are outlined; may reflect typical day
24-hour recall
written survey of food consumption during specific period of time, including those
relevant to patient’s medical condition
Food frequency questionnaire