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Basic Systems & Diesel Engines > Diesel Engines > Flashcards

Diesel Engines Flashcards

1
Q

Where are diesel engines used on Naval vessels? 4 parts

A

Diesel generator
Maintain engines and motor boats
Air compressors
Fire pumps

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2
Q

The first cylinder is normally located opposite the drive end (gearbox end) I.e. on the front of the engine known as the …

A

Free end

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3
Q

The cylinder head … off the top of the cylinders.

A

Closes

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4
Q

The cylinder head forms part of the … chamber and accommodates the injector.

A

Combustion

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5
Q

In the cylinder head are the … and … ports, as well as the valves and part of the valve operating gear

A

Intake
Exhaust

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6
Q

The cylinder head joint makes a …, …, …, and … tight seal between the cylinder block and cylinder head

A

Water
Oil
Gas
Air

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7
Q

The sump acts as a … for oil draining from the bearings, rocker gear etc

A

Reservoir

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8
Q

Draw the generic engine/ drive layout

A
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9
Q

Where does the cylinder numbering start?

A

Free end

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10
Q

Piston compression rings provide a sliding … between the outer surface of the piston and the inner surface of the cylinder

A

Seal

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11
Q

Piston rings prevent the fuel/air and exhaust gasses in the combustion chamber from leaking into the … during the compression and combustion

A

Sump

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12
Q

Oil control/scrapper rings prevent oil from the sump leaking into the combustion chamber, where it would be … and …

A

Burned and lost

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13
Q

Piston rings transfer … from the piston to the cylinder or cylinder liner.

A

Heat

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14
Q

Piston rings assist with the lubrication and the … of the piston and cylinder liner, by forming an oil wedge.

A

Sealing

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15
Q

The connecting rod connects the … to the …

A

Piston
Crankshaft

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16
Q

The bearing around the gudgein pin is known as the “…”

A

Small end

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17
Q

The bearing around the crankshaft is known as the “…”

A

Big end

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18
Q

The gudgeon pin connects the … to the … rod through the small end bearing and transmits the load from the piston to the connecting rod

A

Piston
Connecting rod

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19
Q

The Crankshafts main task is to change the … motion of the piston, to … motion to provide drive for the driven unit and auxiliaries

A

Reciprocating
Rotating

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20
Q

The flywheel is used to promote … running during the … strikes of an engine and to help the engine other the … strokes

A

Smooth
Non-power
Idle

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21
Q

The purpose of the camshaft is to … the opening and closing of both the inlet and exhaust …

A

Control
Valves

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22
Q

The camshafts are driven by and at … the speed of the crankshaft.

A

Half

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23
Q

The spur gears, … or … belts are used to drive the camshafts

A

Chains
Timing

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24
Q

The task of valves is to open the intake ports at the end of the exhaust stroke / during the induction stroke and the exhaust port at the end of the power stroke / during the exhaust stroke and to seal them off during the … / … strokes

A

Compression
Power

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25
Q

The pushrod and cam follower … … from the … to the rocker arm which in turn opens the valves

A

Transfers motion
Camshaft

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26
Q

The rocker arm is a pivoting arm that … … from the pushrod to activate a …

A

Transfers motion
Valve

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27
Q

The purpose of the fuel injector is to inject measured amounts of high pressure, … fuel into the cylinders

A

Atomised

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28
Q

Combustion is achieved by the addition of … to a diesel fuel/air mixture in an enclosed space above a piston

A

Heat

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29
Q

Heat is a produce by the … of … as the piston rises in the cylinder

A

Compression air

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30
Q

… fuel is injected into the cylinder as the piston nears the end of the compression stroke.

A

Atomised

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31
Q

This heated air causes the fuel / air mixture to ignite causing a rapid rise in … and … of burning gases

A

Temperature and expansion

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32
Q

The expanding gases act on top of the … and force it downwards.

A

Piston

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33
Q

The upward and downward action, known as … motion, is converted into a rotary motion by the …

A

Reciprocating
Crankshaft

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34
Q

The crankshaft is connected to a drive shaft and the … motion is transmitted to a generator or transmission system

A

Transmitted

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35
Q

Name the 4 stroke cycle of the piston

A

Induction
Compression
Power
Exhaust
(Suck push bang blow)

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36
Q

The … valve … allowing air into the cylinder. At the same time the … valve …

A

Inlet
Opens
Exhaust
Closes

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37
Q

The piston moves from the Top … Centre (T.D.C) to … Dead Centre (B.D.C)

A

Dead
Bottom

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38
Q

During the induction stroke the increase in volume causes a … in the cylinder. Fresh air is drawn in past the open inlet valve.

A

Depression

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39
Q

The intake valve does not … until … BDC in order to further improve cylinder charging

A

Close
After

40
Q

During the compression stroke moves from … to … . With both … shut the upward moving piston … the trapped air causing an … in temperature

A

BDC
TDC
VALVES
COMPRESS
INCREASE

41
Q

Towards the end of the compression stroke, the … injects atomised fuel into the heated air at high pressure.

42
Q

During the power stroke, the … fuel injected into the cylinder, after a short time (ignition delay), ignites in the heated air (spontaneous combustion) and combustion begins.

43
Q

During the power stroke the combustion of gasses generate a pressure, which moves the piston from … to …

44
Q

The exhaust … begins to open shortly before BDC. The remaining combustion … begins to move the exhaust … past the open exhaust valve.

A

Valve
Pressure
Gasses

45
Q

The piston moves from … to … forcing the remaining exhaust gases out of the cylinder posts the open .. valve.

A

BDC
TDC
Exhaust

46
Q

The exhaust valve does not fully … until shortly after … whilst the … valve commence opening shortly before TDC

A

Close
TDC
Intake

47
Q

The state in which both valves are open is called “… Overlap”

48
Q

The fuel service (header) tank maintains a ready to use supply of …, water … fuel in the machinery space.

A

Clean
Free

49
Q

The tank strainer prevents …, … particles of dirt from entering the fuel systems and choking fine filters

A

Large
Coarse

50
Q

The fuel lift pump takes its auctions from the service … and supplies fuel, at low pressure, to the … … pump.

A

Tank
Fuel injection

51
Q

Filters are used to remove …, … partials from the fuel preventing injectors and pumps from choking and suffering from premature wear.

A

Smaller
Finer

52
Q

The fuel injection pump delivers … pressure fuel, in measures amounts, to the correct … at the correct …

A

Injector
Time

53
Q

The returned fuel from the “spill return has … and … the working parts of the injector

A

Lubricated
Cooled

54
Q

The sump acts as a … for the engines … system and collects the oil draining from the engine bearings and rocker gear etc.

A

Reservoir
Lubrication

55
Q

The sump strainer prevents …, coarse, Particles entering the lube oil system

56
Q

The lube oil pump supplies oil under … to the engines bearings and a supply at a … pressure to other working parts of the engine e.g. valve operating mechanism

A

Pressure
Lower

57
Q

There is a pressure relief valve fitted on the discharge side of the pump to relieve … oil pressure back to the sump

58
Q

The lube oil pump is a … displacement pump e.g. gear wheel

59
Q

The priming pump provides a method of supplying lube oil to the bearings … to the initial starting (priming) and for emptying the sump of oil when necessary for maintenance

60
Q

Filters remove …, … partials from the lube oil system.

A

Small
Fine

61
Q

The purpose of the lube oil cooler is to … the lube oil using a thermostat therefore maintaining the oil’s temperature.

62
Q

The fresh water cooling system circuit is designed to cool the …, and cylinder head and is constructed as a … loop system constant re-circulated the coolant

A

Cylinder back
Closed

63
Q

… is added to fresh water in a ratio of … for the fresh water cooling system.

A

AL39
50:50

64
Q

AL39 contains … and …

A

Anti freeze
Corrosion inhibitor

65
Q

The engine block water passages allow water to circulate through the engine for the removal of …

66
Q

The purpose of the thermostat is to control and maintain the engines running …

A

Temperature

67
Q

The thermostat also allows for the rapid … up of the engine when it is started from cold

68
Q

The header tank is also referred to as the … tank and acts as a reservoir to make up system losses and allow for expansion as the water temperature …

A

Expansion
Rises

69
Q

A … valves allows a one way flow of water from the header tank into the system

A

Non-return

70
Q

The purpose of the heat exchanger us to remove … heat from the … water coolant

A

Excess
Fresh

71
Q

Cooling is provided by the … … system circuit

A

Salt water

72
Q

The heat operated by-pass valve monitors the temperature of the fresh water circulating through the … … and allows the water to by-pass the heat exchanger if it does not require cooling

A

Heat exchanger

73
Q

Vent cocks are used for
1. Venting of … when … the system
2. Allowing air into the system when draining down the engines coolant for maintenance purposes

A

Air
Filling

74
Q

The salt water cooling circuit is a direct flow system drawing water in from the sea, circulating it through coolers and dish charging it back to the sea. (… loop)

75
Q

The salt water cooling circuit is fitted to cool the … … and … oil systems through heat exchange

A

Fresh water
Lubricating

76
Q

The purpose of a sea cock is to … the suction of the system from the …

A

Isolate
Sea

77
Q

The … is used to prevent large (coarse) particles a entering the system

78
Q

The lube oil cooler … heat from the lubricating oil

79
Q

The purpose of the discharge overboard valve it to isolate the discharge side of the system from the …

80
Q

The coolant is tested, weekly for the following 3

A

Salinity (salt content)
Density (mixture of fresh water and AL39)
Acidity

81
Q

As lube oil pressure … to a pre-determined limit an … will be set off

A

Falls
Alarm

82
Q

If the pressure of low lube oil continues to … and it drops to a second pre-determined level the engine will … (trip)

83
Q

Low coolant pressure
As with the lube oil system, I’d the coolant pressure … to a pre determined level an … will be set off

A

Falls
Alarm

84
Q

Low coolant pressure
Should the pressure continue to fallX to a second pre-determined level, the engine will …

85
Q

Low coolant pressure
As before you are to … the MEOOW1 as soon as possible, if you notice the coolant pressure beginning to fall

86
Q

High lube oil temperature
Should the engine oil temperature rise about safe limits, an alarm will be …

87
Q

High lube oil temperature
If the temperature of the oil rises even … the engine will trip

88
Q

As with the engine oil temperature, if the coolant temperature should rise above … …, an alarm will be set off.
If the temps continues to rise the engine will … …

A

Safe limits
Shut off

89
Q

If the engine speed … safe working limits an over-speed Device operates to trip the engine

90
Q

If an engine trips it canning be restarted until:
1. The … of the trip is investigate and …
2. The trip is …

A

Cause
Removed
Reset

91
Q

The fire fighting system can be operated either … or …

A

Locally
Remotely

92
Q

A tripped engine cannot be restarted again until the cause of trip has been … and … and the trip …

A

Investigated
Removed
Reset

93
Q

Diesel engines are a sever … hazard. So … … are always to be worn

A

Noise
Ear defenders

94
Q

Remember that high pressure … and … are a fire hazard

95
Q

In order to prevent fires, stop all … and mop up … at once

A

Leaks
Spillages

Basic Systems & Diesel Engines (3 decks)

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