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Basic Systems & Diesel Engines > Diesel Engines > Flashcards

Diesel Engines Flashcards

1
Q

Where are diesel engines used on Naval vessels? 4 parts

A

Diesel generator
Maintain engines and motor boats
Air compressors
Fire pumps

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2
Q

The first cylinder is normally located opposite the drive end (gearbox end) I.e. on the front of the engine known as the …

A

Free end

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3
Q

The cylinder head … off the top of the cylinders.

A

Closes

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4
Q

The cylinder head forms part of the … chamber and accommodates the injector.

A

Combustion

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5
Q

In the cylinder head are the … and … ports, as well as the valves and part of the valve operating gear

A

Intake
Exhaust

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6
Q

The cylinder head joint makes a …, …, …, and … tight seal between the cylinder block and cylinder head

A

Water
Oil
Gas
Air

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7
Q

The sump acts as a … for oil draining from the bearings, rocker gear etc

A

Reservoir

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8
Q

Draw the generic engine/ drive layout

A
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9
Q

Where does the cylinder numbering start?

A

Free end

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10
Q

Piston compression rings provide a sliding … between the outer surface of the piston and the inner surface of the cylinder

A

Seal

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11
Q

Piston rings prevent the fuel/air and exhaust gasses in the combustion chamber from leaking into the … during the compression and combustion

A

Sump

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12
Q

Oil control/scrapper rings prevent oil from the sump leaking into the combustion chamber, where it would be … and …

A

Burned and lost

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13
Q

Piston rings transfer … from the piston to the cylinder or cylinder liner.

A

Heat

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14
Q

Piston rings assist with the lubrication and the … of the piston and cylinder liner, by forming an oil wedge.

A

Sealing

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15
Q

The connecting rod connects the … to the …

A

Piston
Crankshaft

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16
Q

The bearing around the gudgein pin is known as the “…”

A

Small end

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17
Q

The bearing around the crankshaft is known as the “…”

A

Big end

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18
Q

The gudgeon pin connects the … to the … rod through the small end bearing and transmits the load from the piston to the connecting rod

A

Piston
Connecting rod

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19
Q

The Crankshafts main task is to change the … motion of the piston, to … motion to provide drive for the driven unit and auxiliaries

A

Reciprocating
Rotating

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20
Q

The flywheel is used to promote … running during the … strikes of an engine and to help the engine other the … strokes

A

Smooth
Non-power
Idle

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21
Q

The purpose of the camshaft is to … the opening and closing of both the inlet and exhaust …

A

Control
Valves

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22
Q

The camshafts are driven by and at … the speed of the crankshaft.

A

Half

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23
Q

The spur gears, … or … belts are used to drive the camshafts

A

Chains
Timing

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24
Q

The task of valves is to open the intake ports at the end of the exhaust stroke / during the induction stroke and the exhaust port at the end of the power stroke / during the exhaust stroke and to seal them off during the … / … strokes

A

Compression
Power

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25
The pushrod and cam follower … … from the … to the rocker arm which in turn opens the valves
Transfers motion Camshaft
26
The rocker arm is a pivoting arm that … … from the pushrod to activate a …
Transfers motion Valve
27
The purpose of the fuel injector is to inject measured amounts of high pressure, … fuel into the cylinders
Atomised
28
Combustion is achieved by the addition of … to a diesel fuel/air mixture in an enclosed space above a piston
Heat
29
Heat is a produce by the … of … as the piston rises in the cylinder
Compression air
30
… fuel is injected into the cylinder as the piston nears the end of the compression stroke.
Atomised
31
This heated air causes the fuel / air mixture to ignite causing a rapid rise in … and … of burning gases
Temperature and expansion
32
The expanding gases act on top of the … and force it downwards.
Piston
33
The upward and downward action, known as … motion, is converted into a rotary motion by the …
Reciprocating Crankshaft
34
The crankshaft is connected to a drive shaft and the … motion is transmitted to a generator or transmission system
Transmitted
35
Name the 4 stroke cycle of the piston
Induction Compression Power Exhaust (Suck push bang blow)
36
The … valve … allowing air into the cylinder. At the same time the … valve …
Inlet Opens Exhaust Closes
37
The piston moves from the Top … Centre (T.D.C) to … Dead Centre (B.D.C)
Dead Bottom
38
During the induction stroke the increase in volume causes a … in the cylinder. Fresh air is drawn in past the open inlet valve.
Depression
39
The intake valve does not … until … BDC in order to further improve cylinder charging
Close After
40
During the compression stroke moves from … to … . With both … shut the upward moving piston … the trapped air causing an … in temperature
BDC TDC VALVES COMPRESS INCREASE
41
Towards the end of the compression stroke, the … injects atomised fuel into the heated air at high pressure.
Injector
42
During the power stroke, the … fuel injected into the cylinder, after a short time (ignition delay), ignites in the heated air (spontaneous combustion) and combustion begins.
Atomised
43
During the power stroke the combustion of gasses generate a pressure, which moves the piston from … to …
TDC BDC
44
The exhaust … begins to open shortly before BDC. The remaining combustion … begins to move the exhaust … past the open exhaust valve.
Valve Pressure Gasses
45
The piston moves from … to … forcing the remaining exhaust gases out of the cylinder posts the open .. valve.
BDC TDC Exhaust
46
The exhaust valve does not fully … until shortly after … whilst the … valve commence opening shortly before TDC
Close TDC Intake
47
The state in which both valves are open is called “… Overlap”
Valve
48
The fuel service (header) tank maintains a ready to use supply of …, water … fuel in the machinery space.
Clean Free
49
The tank strainer prevents …, … particles of dirt from entering the fuel systems and choking fine filters
Large Coarse
50
The fuel lift pump takes its auctions from the service … and supplies fuel, at low pressure, to the … … pump.
Tank Fuel injection
51
Filters are used to remove …, … partials from the fuel preventing injectors and pumps from choking and suffering from premature wear.
Smaller Finer
52
The fuel injection pump delivers … pressure fuel, in measures amounts, to the correct … at the correct …
Injector Time
53
The returned fuel from the “spill return has … and … the working parts of the injector
Lubricated Cooled
54
The sump acts as a … for the engines … system and collects the oil draining from the engine bearings and rocker gear etc.
Reservoir Lubrication
55
The sump strainer prevents …, coarse, Particles entering the lube oil system
Large
56
The lube oil pump supplies oil under … to the engines bearings and a supply at a … pressure to other working parts of the engine e.g. valve operating mechanism
Pressure Lower
57
There is a pressure relief valve fitted on the discharge side of the pump to relieve … oil pressure back to the sump
Excess
58
The lube oil pump is a … displacement pump e.g. gear wheel
Positive
59
The priming pump provides a method of supplying lube oil to the bearings … to the initial starting (priming) and for emptying the sump of oil when necessary for maintenance
Prior
60
Filters remove …, … partials from the lube oil system.
Small Fine
61
The purpose of the lube oil cooler is to … the lube oil using a thermostat therefore maintaining the oil’s temperature.
Cool
62
The fresh water cooling system circuit is designed to cool the …, and cylinder head and is constructed as a … loop system constant re-circulated the coolant
Cylinder back Closed
63
… is added to fresh water in a ratio of … for the fresh water cooling system.
AL39 50:50
64
AL39 contains … and …
Anti freeze Corrosion inhibitor
65
The engine block water passages allow water to circulate through the engine for the removal of …
Heat
66
The purpose of the thermostat is to control and maintain the engines running …
Temperature
67
The thermostat also allows for the rapid … up of the engine when it is started from cold
Warming
68
The header tank is also referred to as the … tank and acts as a reservoir to make up system losses and allow for expansion as the water temperature …
Expansion Rises
69
A … valves allows a one way flow of water from the header tank into the system
Non-return
70
The purpose of the heat exchanger us to remove … heat from the … water coolant
Excess Fresh
71
Cooling is provided by the … … system circuit
Salt water
72
The heat operated by-pass valve monitors the temperature of the fresh water circulating through the … … and allows the water to by-pass the heat exchanger if it does not require cooling
Heat exchanger
73
Vent cocks are used for 1. Venting of … when … the system 2. Allowing air into the system when draining down the engines coolant for maintenance purposes
Air Filling
74
The salt water cooling circuit is a direct flow system drawing water in from the sea, circulating it through coolers and dish charging it back to the sea. (… loop)
Open
75
The salt water cooling circuit is fitted to cool the … … and … oil systems through heat exchange
Fresh water Lubricating
76
The purpose of a sea cock is to … the suction of the system from the …
Isolate Sea
77
The … is used to prevent large (coarse) particles a entering the system
Strainer
78
The lube oil cooler … heat from the lubricating oil
Removes
79
The purpose of the discharge overboard valve it to isolate the discharge side of the system from the …
Sea
80
The coolant is tested, weekly for the following 3
Salinity (salt content) Density (mixture of fresh water and AL39) Acidity
81
As lube oil pressure … to a pre-determined limit an … will be set off
Falls Alarm
82
If the pressure of low lube oil continues to … and it drops to a second pre-determined level the engine will … (trip)
Fall Trip
83
Low coolant pressure As with the lube oil system, I’d the coolant pressure … to a pre determined level an … will be set off
Falls Alarm
84
Low coolant pressure Should the pressure continue to fallX to a second pre-determined level, the engine will …
Trip
85
Low coolant pressure As before you are to … the MEOOW1 as soon as possible, if you notice the coolant pressure beginning to fall
Inform
86
High lube oil temperature Should the engine oil temperature rise about safe limits, an alarm will be …
Set off
87
High lube oil temperature If the temperature of the oil rises even … the engine will trip
Higher
88
As with the engine oil temperature, if the coolant temperature should rise above … …, an alarm will be set off. If the temps continues to rise the engine will … …
Safe limits Shut off
89
If the engine speed … safe working limits an over-speed Device operates to trip the engine
Excels
90
If an engine trips it canning be restarted until: 1. The … of the trip is investigate and … 2. The trip is …
Cause Removed Reset
91
The fire fighting system can be operated either … or …
Locally Remotely
92
A tripped engine cannot be restarted again until the cause of trip has been … and … and the trip …
Investigated Removed Reset
93
Diesel engines are a sever … hazard. So … … are always to be worn
Noise Ear defenders
94
Remember that high pressure … and … are a fire hazard
Air Fuel
95
In order to prevent fires, stop all … and mop up … at once
Leaks Spillages

Basic Systems & Diesel Engines (3 decks)

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