Dictionary Flashcards
What is a contract?
A legally binding agreement between two or more parties.
Define a formal contract.
A contract that is written and adheres to specific legal standards, usually requiring a signature.
What is an informal contract?
A contract not following a formal structure, often verbal, but still legally enforceable.
What is an express contract?
A contract where terms are clearly stated, either orally or in writing.
Define an implied contract.
A contract created by actions or circumstances, rather than explicit agreement.
What is a void contract?
A contract that is unenforceable by law, often due to illegal terms or lack of capacity.
What characterizes an illegal contract?
A contract involving actions that are against the law, making it invalid.
What is law?
A set of rules and principles established by a governing authority to regulate behavior.
Define divine law.
Law believed to be directly revealed by a divine source, often found in religious contexts.
What is human law?
Laws created by humans, such as legislation enacted by governments.
What is public law?
Law governing relationships between individuals and the state, including criminal law and constitutional law.
Define private law.
Law governing relationships between private individuals, such as contracts and property law.
What is constitutional law?
The body of law governing the framework of a government and its relationship with the people.
What is administrative law?
Law governing administrative actions and procedures of government agencies.
What is a legal right?
An entitlement granted by law, which can be protected and enforced in a court of law.
Who is a witness?
A person who gives testimony about what they have seen or know in a legal case.
What is a summon?
A legal order requiring a person to appear in court.
What does a warrant authorize?
A legal document authorizing police or other officials to perform a specific action, like making an arrest.
Define a warrant of arrest.
A warrant authorizing the arrest of an individual.
What is a search warrant?
A warrant allowing authorities to search a person’s premises.
What is a subpoena?
A legal order requiring someone to attend court or produce documents.
What does ad testificandum mean?
A subpoena ordering a person to testify in court.
Define veracity.
Truthfulness; the duty to tell the truth, particularly in a legal or ethical context.
What is beneficence in ethics?
The ethical principle of doing good or promoting well-being.
What does nonmaleficence refer to?
The ethical principle of not causing harm.
Define assault.
The threat or attempt to make harmful or offensive contact with another person.
What is battery?
Unlawful physical contact with another person without consent.
What is jurisprudence?
The study or theory of law.
Define nursing jurisprudence.
The body of laws and regulations related to the practice of nursing.
What is nursing legislation?
Laws specifically governing the standards, scope, and regulation of nursing practice.
What does ‘res ipsa loquitur’ mean?
‘The thing speaks for itself.’ Used in negligence cases where an injury could only have occurred due to someone’s negligence.
What is the doctrine of force majeure?
Refers to unforeseen events that prevent parties from fulfilling contracts.
What does ‘respondeat superior’ mean?
‘Let the master answer.’ Holds employers liable for employees’ actions within their job scope.
What is malpractice?
Professional misconduct or lack of skill that leads to harm.
Define negligence.
Failing to exercise reasonable care, leading to harm.
What is incompetence?
Lack of ability, skill, or knowledge needed to perform tasks correctly.
What is Republic Act 349?
Legalizes the use of human organs for surgical, medical and scientific purposes.
What does Republic Act 1054 require?
Requires the owner, lessee or operator of any establishment to furnish free emergency, medical and dental assistance to employees.
What is the purpose of Republic Act 2382?
Regulates the practice of medicines in the Philippines.
What does Republic Act 9165 pertain to?
Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act 2002.
Fill in the blank: The doctrine of _______ means ‘the thing speaks for itself’.
res ipsa loquitur
Fill in the blank: The legal principle of _______ holds employers liable for employees’ actions.
respondeat superior
True or False: A void contract is enforceable by law.
False
True or False: Malpractice refers to professional misconduct.
True
