Diastolic Dysfunction Flashcards
Diastolic dysfunction occurs when there is a problem with what?
- Stiffness/compliance
- Myocardial relaxation
Changing pressures causing a pattern of blood flow into the LV is altered in terms of what factors?
- Velocity
- Timing
- Duration
What does HFpEF?
Heart Failure preserved EF
What imaging parameters affect diastolic function?
- Pericardial thickening (constrictive pericarditis)
- Ventricular septal motion
- Dilation of IVC and HV
Dilation of the IVC and HV is consistent with?
Increased RA pressure
T or F? Diastolic Dysfunction and Increased LV pressures are the same thing
FALSE
Diastolic dysfunction = changes in LV filling
Increased LV pressure = Occur as a secondary consequence to diastolic dysfunction
What factor determines the pressure and volume that result of LV filling?
Stiffness/compliance
What is it called when the myocardium returns to it’s initial pre-systolic length and tension?
Myocardial relaxation
How to measure deceleration time (DT)?
Max E velocity following the slope down to the baseline
All Transmitral inflow measurements should be performed following what conditions?
- Sweep speed of 100mm/s
- At end-expiration
- Over 3 consecutive cardiac cycles
What is considered abnormal when asking a patient to perform Valsalva?
A decrease in E/A ratio by >50% correlates with increased LV pressure and diastolic dysfunction
How to differentiate from normal to pseudonormal?
Perform Valsalva
What does the Valsalva maneuver do?
Reduces preload
Reduced LAP
Clinical examples of diastolic dysfunction (7)?
- Heart failure with preserved EF (HFpEF)
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Amyloidosis
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Hypertensive heart disease
- Ischemic heart disease
- Pericardial constriction
What happens to the LV with diastolic heart failure and preserved EF (HFpEF)?
Thickened walls and small ventricle
