Diaphragm Flashcards
Diaphragm
Dome shape muscle.
Chief muscle for respiration.
Origins
Sternal origin
Coastal origin
Lumbar origin
Sternal origin
Two fleshy slips
Back of xiphoid process
Coastal origin
Inner surface of cartilage amd adjacent side of either side of lower six ribs
Lumbar origin
Medial lumbocoastal or medial arcuate ligament
Lateral lumbocoastal or lateral arcuate ligament
Right crus
Left crus
Median arcuate ligament
Medial lumbocoastal
Tendinous arch in the fascia covering the upper surface of posas major.
Lateral lumbocoastal
Tendinous arch in the fascia covering the upper part of quadratus lumborum.
Right crus
Arises from anterolateral surface of upper 3 lumbar vertebrae and the intervening intervertebral disc.
Left crus
Arises from corresponding parts of upper 2 lumbar vertebrae
Median arcuate ligament
Median margin of 2 crus
Central tendon
Below pericardium
Tribolar in shape, 3 leaflets
Middle- triangular in shape apex towards xiphoid process
Right and left - tongue shape, backwards and inwards
Left narrower
4 diagonal bands- central point of decussation
Large openings
Aortic opening- aorta, thoracic duct, azygos vein
Oesophagial opening- oesophagus, gastric/ vagus nerve, oesophagial branches with left gastric arteries and oesphagial viens accompany with right arteries.
Vena caval openimg- Inf vena cava, phrenic nerve, lymphatics of liver.
Small opening
Each crus- lesser and greater splanchnic nerve and left additional pierced by hemiazygous vein.
Medial arcuate ligament- sympathetic chain
Lateral arcuate ligament- subcoastal nerves and vessels
7th coastal cartilgae- superior epigastric vessesls and lymphatics
9th coastal cartilgae- musculophrenin nerve and vessles.
Relations
Superior- pleura and lungs, pericardium.
Inferior- peritoneum, fundus of stomach, liver, kidneys, spleen, suprarenals.
Nerves
Motor- phreninc nerve
Sensory- phrenic nv- central part
Lower 6 thoracic nerve- periphery of oesophagus
