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Gia Essentials > Diamond Essentials > Flashcards

Diamond Essentials Flashcards

1
Q

Diamond is composed of primarily of

A. Carbon
B. Graphite
C. Nitrogen
D. Aluminum

A

A. Carbon

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2
Q

Compared to blemishes, inclusions normally have

A. Less impact on a diamond’s value
B. More impact on a diamond’s value
C. Features that can be easily removed
D. About the same impact on a diamond’s value

A

B. More impact on a diamonds value

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3
Q

The three major parts of a polished diamond are crown, pavilion, and

A. Rim
B. Girdle
C. Outline
D. Middle

A

B. Girdle

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4
Q

The small, flat, polished surfaces on a finished diamond are called

A. Flats
B. Edges
C. Facets
D. Culets

A

C. Facets

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5
Q

Th flashes of color you see in a polished diamond are called

A. Fire
B. Flares
C. Brilliance
D. Scintillation

A

A. Fire

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6
Q

A standard round brilliant cut diamond has

A. 17 or 18 facets
B. 57 or 58 facets
C. 67 or 68 facets
D. At least 20 kite-shaped facets

A

B. 57-58 facets

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7
Q

Gem shapes other than the standard round brilliant are called

A. Step cuts
B. Fancy cuts
C. Special cuts
D. Fancy styles

A

B. Fancy cuts

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8
Q

On average, mine workers must process more than a ton of rock to recover

A. A half carat of diamonds
B. Two carats of diamonds
C. 30 carats of diamonds
D. 2 million carats of diamonds

A

A. A half a carat of diamonds

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9
Q

The metric carat equals

A. 5 grains
B. .0200 gram
C. 1/200 ounce
D. 50 micrograms

A

B. 0.200 gram

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10
Q

The term brilliant cut is used for gemstones with facets that

A. Are rectangular
B. Give superior brilliance
C. Run parallel to the girdle
D. Are mostly triangular or kite-shaped

A

D. Are most triangular or kite-shaped

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11
Q

Clarity characteristics confirmed to the surface of a polished diamond are called

A. Lesions
B. Blemishes
C. Inclusions
D. Impurities

A

B. Blemishes

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12
Q

The combination of the four C’s relates primarily to

A. Value
B. Beauty
C. Durability
D. Desirability

A

A. Value

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13
Q

The team “point” in reference to weight is equal to

A. 0.001 carat
B. 0.01 carat
C. 0.10 carat
D. 1.00 carat

A

B. 0.01 carat

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14
Q

Most diamonds used in jewelry are

A. Colorless
B. Colorless to nearly colorless
C. Very dark yellow, brown, or gray
D. Nearly colorless to very light yellow or light brown

A

D. Nearly colorless to very light yellow or light brown

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15
Q

A gemstone’s resistance to scratching is known as its

A. Strength
B. Hardness
C. Durability
D. Toughness

A

B. Hardness

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16
Q

What is the crown

A

Top part of a gem above the girdle

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17
Q

What is a culet

A

Small facet at the bottom of a finished gem

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18
Q

What is durability

A

A gemstones ability to withstand wear, heat, and chemicals

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19
Q

What is a facet

A

A flat, polished surface on a finished gem

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20
Q

What is a fancy cut

A

Any gemstone shape other and a round

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21
Q

What is fire

A

The flashes of color you see in a polished diamond

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22
Q

What are this four C’s

A

Clarity, color, cut and carat weight

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23
Q

What is the girdle

A

The narrow section of a finished gem that forms the boundary between the crown and the pavilion and functions as the gem’s setting edge

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24
Q

What is hardness

A

How well a gemstone resists scratches and abrasions

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25
Q

What is karat with a K

A

A unit of measure for the fineness of gold, 14k, 18k

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26
Q

What is the mohs scale

A

The ranking of the relative hardness of 10 minerals

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27
Q

What is the pavilion

A

Lower part of a faceted gem below the girdle

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28
Q

What is a single cut diamond

A

A round stone with 17 or 18 facets

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29
Q

How many facets does a standard round brilliant cut have

A

57 or 58

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30
Q

What is a step cut

A

A cutting style that features long, narrow facets in rows parallel to the girdle on both the crown and pavilion

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31
Q

A step cut can also be referred to a

A

Emerald cut

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32
Q

What is a synthetic gem

A

A managed gem with essentially the same chemical composition, crystal structure, and properties as a natural gem

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33
Q

What is thermal shock

A

Damage caused by sudden, extreme tempature changes

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34
Q

What is toughness

A

How well a gemstones resists breaking and chipping

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35
Q

What is a plot

A

A color keyed diagram of a gemstones significant clarity characteristics

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36
Q

What does loupe clean mean

A

Term that describes a diamond that might have surface blemishes, but shows no inclusions under 10x magnification

37
Q

What is laser drilling

A

A treatment that involves using a concentrated beam or laser light to teach a diamonds dark inclusions and to disguise or eliminate them

38
Q

What is fracture filling

A

A treatment that involves injecting a molten glass substance into a diamonds surface reaching feathers or laser dill holes

39
Q

Clarity characteristics limited to the surface of a diamond are called

A. Pinpoints
B. Blemishes
C. Inclusions
D. Included crystals

A

B. Blemishes

40
Q

When part of rough crystals original surface is left on a fashioned diamond, it’s called a

A. Pit
B. Chip
C. Cloud
D. Natural

A

D. Natural

41
Q

Fracture filling can dramatically affect a diamond’s

A. Weight
B. Actual clarity
C. Apparent clarity
D. Refractive index

A

C. Apparent clarity

42
Q

The most convenient and inexpensive magnifier adequate for diamond grading is the

A. Loupe
B. Optivisor
C. Magnifying glass
D. Binoculars microscope

A

A. Loupe

43
Q

A detailed map of a diamond, showing its clarity characteristics, is called a

A. Plot
B. Graph
C. Diagram
D. Grading report

A

A. Plot

44
Q

A diamond that’s graded flawless might still have

A. Whitish internal graining
B. Polish line on a pavilion facet
C. Small chips on the girdle no visible face up
D. Extra facets on the pavilion not visible face up

A

D. Extra facets on the pavilion not visible face up

45
Q

One of the five factors that determines the overall effect of the inclusions on clarity is

A. Tone
B. Shape
C. Nature
D. Texture

A

C. Nature

46
Q

The general term for clarity characteristics within a diamond is

A. Pinpoints
B. Blemishes
C. Inclusions
D. Included crystals

A

C. Inclusions

47
Q

You should tell your customer that SI designation means

A. Slightly impure
B. Slightly included
C. Slightly indented
D. Slightly imperfect

A

B. Slightly included

48
Q

In describing inclusions to customers, which of the following terms would probably be best to use

A. Flaws
B. Carbon spots
C. Imperfections
D. Clarity characteristics

A

D. Clarity characteristics

49
Q

The standard magnification used for clarity grading is

A. 5X
B. 10X
C. 20X
D. 30x

A

B. 10X

50
Q

The general term for any break in a diamond is

A. Chip
B. Bruise
C. Feather
D. Cleavage

A

C. Feather

51
Q

An included diamond crystal that reaches the surface of a cut diamond is called a

A. Knot
B. Break
C. Feather
D. Pinpoint

A

A. Knot

52
Q

Which of the following is a result of the brutish process

A. Clouds
B. Bearding
C. Pinpoints
D. Grain lines

A

B. Bearding

53
Q

A diamond with “noticeable” inclusions at 10X would receive which of the following clarity grades

A. VS1 or VS2
B. VS2 or SI1
C. SI1 or SI2
D. Only SI2

A

C. SI1 or SI2

54
Q

What is annealing

A

A gemstones heating process that can be used alone or to stabilize irradiated color

55
Q

What is Flourescence

A

Emission of visible light by a material when its exposed to ultraviolet radiation

56
Q

What is hue

A

The basic color of an object

57
Q

What is Irradiation

A

A treatment that changes the color of a gem by exposing it to radioactive materials

58
Q

What is saturation

A

A colors strength or intensity, ranging from a dull hue to a pure, vivid hue

59
Q

What is tone

A

A colors degree of darkness or lightness

60
Q

What is ultraviolet (UV)

A

Love gut wavelength that’s invisible to the human eye

61
Q

Each letter grade in the GIA color scale represents

A. Specific color
B. A range of color
C. Variations in hue
D. Variations in dispersion

A

B. A range of color

62
Q

On the GIA color scale, the top grade in the normal color range is

A. A
B. D
C. Z
D. 10

A

B. D

63
Q

The most common color of fluorescence in gem quality diamond is

A. Blue
B. Brown
C. Yellow
D. Yellowish green

A

A. Blue

64
Q

Which of the following GIA color grades indicates the greatest amount of yellow

A

A. D
B. F
C. G
D. H

65
Q

The most commonly encountered colors fancy-colored diamonds are

A. Pink and blue
B. Gray and green
C. Orange and red
D. Brown and yellow

A

D. Brown and yellow

66
Q

Which master stone does the GIA laboratory use to determine if natural yellow diamonds qualify as a fancy yellow

A. K
B. M
C. X
D. Z

A

D. Z

67
Q

The price differences between colorless diamonds and near colorless diamonds are due primarily to

A. Rarity
B. Beauty
C. Durability
D. Popularity

A

A. Rarity

68
Q

To color grade a light yellow or brown diamond, graders compare it to a master stone for

A. Hue
B. Tone
C. Tone and saturation
D. Hue, tone, and saturation

A

C. Tone and saturation

69
Q

The annealing of irradiated diamonds to stabilize their color is done by

A. Heating
B. A chemical bath
C. A cryogenic medium
D. A high voltage discharge

A

A. Heating

70
Q

Th combination of tone and saturation that determines how noticeable a color is, is known as

A. Hue
B. Fire
C. Fancy color
D. Depth of color

A

D. Depth of color

71
Q

When mounted, G, H and I color diamonds can look

A. A little bluish
B. A littl grayish
C. Colorless face up
D. Quite yellow face up

A

C. Colorless face up

72
Q

The normal color range of diamonds is

A. Colorless
B. Greenish blue to blue
C. Light purplish red to red
D. Colorless to light yellow and brown

A

D. Colorless to light yellow and brown

73
Q

If all other factors are equal, the most rare diamonds are

A. Pink and blue
B. Red and purple
C. Black and gray
D. Yellow and brown

A

B. Red and purple

74
Q

Irradiated diamond’s might change color when exposed to

A. Heat
B. Light
C. Normal wear
D. Jewelry cleaning solution

A

A. Heat

75
Q

Most consumers can easily see color beyond

A. D
B. F
C. I
D. M

A

D. M

76
Q

What is average girdle diameter

A

The result achieved by adding the smallest and largest girdle measurements of a round brilliant by dividing by two

77
Q

What is the crown angle

A

The angle formed by the bezel facets of a polished diamonds

78
Q

What is dispersion

A

The separation of white light into spectral colors

79
Q

What does make mean

A

The qualities of a facets diamonds proportions and finish

80
Q

What is the pavilion angle

A

The angle formed by the pavilion main facets and the girdle plane

81
Q

What is the wing of a diamond

A

One of the two sides near the point of a marquises, pear, or heart shape

82
Q

What is the shoulder on a diamond

A

One of the two sides adjacent to the rounded end of a pear or oval shape

83
Q

What is refractive index (RI)

A

A measure of the change in the speed and angle of light as it passes from on material to another

84
Q

What is polish

A

the overall condition of the facet surfaces of a finished diamond

85
Q

The angle and relative measurements of a polished gem and the relationship between them describe its

A. Shape
B. Finish
C. Polish
D. Proportions

A

D. Proportions

86
Q

The quality of the polish and precision of the cut of a fashioned gemstone is its

A. Make
B. Finish
C. Luster
D. Clarity

A

B. Finish

87
Q

The separation of white light into its spectral colors is

A. Reflection
B. Refraction
C. Dispersion
D. Scintillation

A

C. Dispersion

88
Q

The sparkle that occurs in a diamond when the gem, its light source, or its observer moves is known as

A. Fire
B. Refraction
C. Dispersion
D. Scintillation

A

D. Scintillation

89
Q

On marquise, pears, and hearts, the sides near the points are called

A. Heads
B. Wings
C. Corners
D. Shoulders

A

B. Wings

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