Diamond Essentials Flashcards by Huntington Fine Jewelers

Diamond is composed of primarily of

A. Carbon
B. Graphite
C. Nitrogen
D. Aluminum

A. Carbon

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Compared to blemishes, inclusions normally have

A. Less impact on a diamond’s value
B. More impact on a diamond’s value
C. Features that can be easily removed
D. About the same impact on a diamond’s value

B. More impact on a diamonds value

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The three major parts of a polished diamond are crown, pavilion, and

A. Rim
B. Girdle
C. Outline
D. Middle

B. Girdle

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The small, flat, polished surfaces on a finished diamond are called

A. Flats
B. Edges
C. Facets
D. Culets

C. Facets

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Th flashes of color you see in a polished diamond are called

A. Fire
B. Flares
C. Brilliance
D. Scintillation

A. Fire

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A standard round brilliant cut diamond has

A. 17 or 18 facets
B. 57 or 58 facets
C. 67 or 68 facets
D. At least 20 kite-shaped facets

B. 57-58 facets

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Gem shapes other than the standard round brilliant are called

A. Step cuts
B. Fancy cuts
C. Special cuts
D. Fancy styles

B. Fancy cuts

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On average, mine workers must process more than a ton of rock to recover

A. A half carat of diamonds
B. Two carats of diamonds
C. 30 carats of diamonds
D. 2 million carats of diamonds

A. A half a carat of diamonds

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The metric carat equals

A. 5 grains
B. .0200 gram
C. 1/200 ounce
D. 50 micrograms

B. 0.200 gram

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The term brilliant cut is used for gemstones with facets that

A. Are rectangular
B. Give superior brilliance
C. Run parallel to the girdle
D. Are mostly triangular or kite-shaped

D. Are most triangular or kite-shaped

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Clarity characteristics confirmed to the surface of a polished diamond are called

A. Lesions
B. Blemishes
C. Inclusions
D. Impurities

B. Blemishes

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The combination of the four C’s relates primarily to

A. Value
B. Beauty
C. Durability
D. Desirability

A. Value

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The team “point” in reference to weight is equal to

A. 0.001 carat
B. 0.01 carat
C. 0.10 carat
D. 1.00 carat

B. 0.01 carat

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Most diamonds used in jewelry are

A. Colorless
B. Colorless to nearly colorless
C. Very dark yellow, brown, or gray
D. Nearly colorless to very light yellow or light brown

D. Nearly colorless to very light yellow or light brown

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A gemstone’s resistance to scratching is known as its

A. Strength
B. Hardness
C. Durability
D. Toughness

B. Hardness

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What is the crown

Top part of a gem above the girdle

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What is a culet

Small facet at the bottom of a finished gem

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What is durability

A gemstones ability to withstand wear, heat, and chemicals

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What is a facet

A flat, polished surface on a finished gem

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What is a fancy cut

Any gemstone shape other and a round

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What is fire

The flashes of color you see in a polished diamond

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What are this four C’s

Clarity, color, cut and carat weight

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What is the girdle

The narrow section of a finished gem that forms the boundary between the crown and the pavilion and functions as the gem’s setting edge

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What is hardness

How well a gemstone resists scratches and abrasions

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What is karat with a K

A unit of measure for the fineness of gold, 14k, 18k

What is the mohs scale

The ranking of the relative hardness of 10 minerals

What is the pavilion

Lower part of a faceted gem below the girdle

What is a single cut diamond

A round stone with 17 or 18 facets

How many facets does a standard round brilliant cut have

57 or 58

What is a step cut

A cutting style that features long, narrow facets in rows parallel to the girdle on both the crown and pavilion

A step cut can also be referred to a

Emerald cut

What is a synthetic gem

A managed gem with essentially the same chemical composition, crystal structure, and properties as a natural gem

What is thermal shock

Damage caused by sudden, extreme tempature changes

What is toughness

How well a gemstones resists breaking and chipping

What is a plot

A color keyed diagram of a gemstones significant clarity characteristics

What does loupe clean mean

Term that describes a diamond that might have surface blemishes, but shows no inclusions under 10x magnification

What is laser drilling

A treatment that involves using a concentrated beam or laser light to teach a diamonds dark inclusions and to disguise or eliminate them

What is fracture filling

A treatment that involves injecting a molten glass substance into a diamonds surface reaching feathers or laser dill holes

Clarity characteristics limited to the surface of a diamond are called A. Pinpoints B. Blemishes C. Inclusions D. Included crystals

B. Blemishes

When part of rough crystals original surface is left on a fashioned diamond, it’s called a A. Pit B. Chip C. Cloud D. Natural

D. Natural

Fracture filling can dramatically affect a diamond’s A. Weight B. Actual clarity C. Apparent clarity D. Refractive index

C. Apparent clarity

The most convenient and inexpensive magnifier adequate for diamond grading is the A. Loupe B. Optivisor C. Magnifying glass D. Binoculars microscope

A. Loupe

A detailed map of a diamond, showing its clarity characteristics, is called a A. Plot B. Graph C. Diagram D. Grading report

A. Plot

A diamond that’s graded flawless might still have A. Whitish internal graining B. Polish line on a pavilion facet C. Small chips on the girdle no visible face up D. Extra facets on the pavilion not visible face up

D. Extra facets on the pavilion not visible face up

One of the five factors that determines the overall effect of the inclusions on clarity is A. Tone B. Shape C. Nature D. Texture

C. Nature

The general term for clarity characteristics within a diamond is A. Pinpoints B. Blemishes C. Inclusions D. Included crystals

C. Inclusions

You should tell your customer that SI designation means A. Slightly impure B. Slightly included C. Slightly indented D. Slightly imperfect

B. Slightly included

In describing inclusions to customers, which of the following terms would probably be best to use A. Flaws B. Carbon spots C. Imperfections D. Clarity characteristics

D. Clarity characteristics

The standard magnification used for clarity grading is A. 5X B. 10X C. 20X D. 30x

B. 10X

The general term for any break in a diamond is A. Chip B. Bruise C. Feather D. Cleavage

C. Feather

An included diamond crystal that reaches the surface of a cut diamond is called a A. Knot B. Break C. Feather D. Pinpoint

A. Knot

Which of the following is a result of the brutish process A. Clouds B. Bearding C. Pinpoints D. Grain lines

B. Bearding

A diamond with “noticeable” inclusions at 10X would receive which of the following clarity grades A. VS1 or VS2 B. VS2 or SI1 C. SI1 or SI2 D. Only SI2

C. SI1 or SI2

What is annealing

A gemstones heating process that can be used alone or to stabilize irradiated color

What is Flourescence

Emission of visible light by a material when its exposed to ultraviolet radiation

What is hue

The basic color of an object

What is Irradiation

A treatment that changes the color of a gem by exposing it to radioactive materials

What is saturation

A colors strength or intensity, ranging from a dull hue to a pure, vivid hue

What is tone

A colors degree of darkness or lightness

What is ultraviolet (UV)

Love gut wavelength that’s invisible to the human eye

Each letter grade in the GIA color scale represents A. Specific color B. A range of color C. Variations in hue D. Variations in dispersion

B. A range of color

On the GIA color scale, the top grade in the normal color range is A. A B. D C. Z D. 10

B. D

The most common color of fluorescence in gem quality diamond is A. Blue B. Brown C. Yellow D. Yellowish green

A. Blue

Which of the following GIA color grades indicates the greatest amount of yellow

A. D B. F C. G D. H

The most commonly encountered colors fancy-colored diamonds are A. Pink and blue B. Gray and green C. Orange and red D. Brown and yellow

D. Brown and yellow

Which master stone does the GIA laboratory use to determine if natural yellow diamonds qualify as a fancy yellow A. K B. M C. X D. Z

D. Z

The price differences between colorless diamonds and near colorless diamonds are due primarily to A. Rarity B. Beauty C. Durability D. Popularity

A. Rarity

To color grade a light yellow or brown diamond, graders compare it to a master stone for A. Hue B. Tone C. Tone and saturation D. Hue, tone, and saturation

C. Tone and saturation

The annealing of irradiated diamonds to stabilize their color is done by A. Heating B. A chemical bath C. A cryogenic medium D. A high voltage discharge

A. Heating

Th combination of tone and saturation that determines how noticeable a color is, is known as A. Hue B. Fire C. Fancy color D. Depth of color

D. Depth of color

When mounted, G, H and I color diamonds can look A. A little bluish B. A littl grayish C. Colorless face up D. Quite yellow face up

C. Colorless face up

The normal color range of diamonds is A. Colorless B. Greenish blue to blue C. Light purplish red to red D. Colorless to light yellow and brown

D. Colorless to light yellow and brown

If all other factors are equal, the most rare diamonds are A. Pink and blue B. Red and purple C. Black and gray D. Yellow and brown

B. Red and purple

Irradiated diamond’s might change color when exposed to A. Heat B. Light C. Normal wear D. Jewelry cleaning solution

A. Heat

Most consumers can easily see color beyond A. D B. F C. I D. M

D. M

What is average girdle diameter

The result achieved by adding the smallest and largest girdle measurements of a round brilliant by dividing by two

What is the crown angle

The angle formed by the bezel facets of a polished diamonds

What is dispersion

The separation of white light into spectral colors

What does make mean

The qualities of a facets diamonds proportions and finish

What is the pavilion angle

The angle formed by the pavilion main facets and the girdle plane

What is the wing of a diamond

One of the two sides near the point of a marquises, pear, or heart shape

What is the shoulder on a diamond

One of the two sides adjacent to the rounded end of a pear or oval shape

What is refractive index (RI)

A measure of the change in the speed and angle of light as it passes from on material to another

What is polish

the overall condition of the facet surfaces of a finished diamond

The angle and relative measurements of a polished gem and the relationship between them describe its A. Shape B. Finish C. Polish D. Proportions

D. Proportions

The quality of the polish and precision of the cut of a fashioned gemstone is its A. Make B. Finish C. Luster D. Clarity

B. Finish

The separation of white light into its spectral colors is A. Reflection B. Refraction C. Dispersion D. Scintillation

C. Dispersion

The sparkle that occurs in a diamond when the gem, its light source, or its observer moves is known as A. Fire B. Refraction C. Dispersion D. Scintillation

D. Scintillation

On marquise, pears, and hearts, the sides near the points are called A. Heads B. Wings C. Corners D. Shoulders

B. Wings