Dialysis and Kidney Transplant Flashcards
list examples of dialysis methods
hemodialysis
peritoneal dialysis
how does dialysis work?
filters the blood or wastes like creatinine, urea when the kidneys are not able to function normally
name the fluid used to filter the blood in dialysis
dialysate
in general, is hemodialysis performed at home or in a clinical setting?
usually in dialysis centre visits
in general, is peritoneal dialysis performed at home or in a clinical setting?
performed at home, generally overnight
how often is hemodialysis required? duration?
3-4.5 hours 3x a week
allows 4 treatment free days a week
how often is peritoneal dialysis required? duration?
normally 7 days a week but can have a weekend off if needed
compare dietary restrictions for hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis
HD: strict dietary constraints + salt/water
PD: lesser constraints
access for hemodialysis
ideally arteriovenous fistula (requires operation under local anaesthetic) or tunnelled central venous line (risk of bacteraemia)
chance of infection with peritoneal dialysis because of?
catheter
factors to consider for a live kidney donor?
age, comorbidities, kidney match: blood type, HLA, serum crossmatch, future pregnancy, mental health history, financial stability, family history of kidney disease, kidney fx: size, GFR, no blood, protein in urine
what happens to the native kidney in a kidney transplant?
native kidney is left inside the patient unless it is causing pain/infection
main stages of a kidney transplant
incision > donor kidney inserted > nearby blood vessels attached to donor blood vessel > donor ureter attached to recipient bladder
what might be inserted during surgery to ensure a good flow of urine after kidney transplant?
stent
post kidney transplant recommendations - food and water
low salt/sugar
regular fluid intake
no raw eggs/meat, undercooked fish/unpasteurised cheese
no food that can interact w/ Tacrolimus (immunosuppressant)
