Diagnostic Terms

Question 1

refractive errors

Answer 1

defects in the bending of light as it enters the eye causing improper focus on the retina

Question 2

astigmatism

Answer 2

distorted vision caused by an oblong or cylindrical curvature of the lens or cornea that presents light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina

Question 3

hyperopia

Answer 3

farsightedness; difficulty seeing close objects

Question 4

myopia

Answer 4

nearsightedness; difficulty seeing distant objects

Question 5

presbyopia

Answer 5

impaired vision caused by old age or loss of accommodation

Question 6

accommodation

Answer 6

ability of the eye to adjust focus on near objects

Question 7

amblyopia

Answer 7

decreased vision in early life; lazy eye

Question 8

aphakia

Answer 8

absence of the lens usually after cataract extraction

Question 9

blepharitis

Answer 9

inflammation of the eyelid

Question 10

blepharochalasis

Answer 10

baggy eyelid

Question 11

ptosis

Answer 11

drooping of the superior eyelid usually caused by paralysis

Question 12

chalazion

Answer 12

chronic nodular inflammation of a tarsal gland usually the result of a blocked duct commonly presenting as a swelling on the upper or lower eyelid

Question 13

cataract

Answer 13

opaque clouding of the lens causing decreased vision

Question 14

conjunctivitis

Answer 14

inflammation of the conjunctiva; pinkeye

Question 15

dacryoadentis

Answer 15

inflammation of the lacrimal gland

Question 16

dacryocystitis

Answer 16

inflammation of the lacrimal sac

Question 17

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 17

disease of the retina in people with diabetes characterized by capillary leakage, bleeding, and new vessel formation leading to scarring and loss of vision

Question 18

ectropion

Answer 18

outward turning of the rim of the eyelid

Question 19

entropion

Answer 19

inward turning of the rim of the eyelid

Question 20

epiphoria

Answer 20

abnormal overflow of tears caused by blockage of the lacrimal duct

Question 21

glaucoma

Answer 21

group of diseases of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure that results in damage to the optic nerve

Question 22

hordeolum

Answer 22

an acute infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid

Question 23

iritis

Answer 23

inflammation of the iris

Question 24

keratitis

Answer 24

inflammation of the cornea

Question 25

macular degeneration

Answer 25

breakdown or thinning of the tissues in the macula lutea resulting in partial or complete loss of central vision

Question 26

pseudophakia

Answer 26

an eye in which the natural lens is replaced with an artificial lens implant

Question 27

pterygium

Answer 27

fibrous, wing shaped growth of conjunctival tissue that extends onto the cornea developed most commonly from prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light

Question 28

retinal detachment

Answer 28

separation of the retina from the underlying epithelium disrupting vision and resulting in blindness if not repaired surgically

Question 29

retinitis

Answer 29

inflammation of the retina

Question 30

strabismus

heterotropia

Answer 30

a condition of eye misalignment caused by intraocular muscle imbalance; crossed eyes

Question 31

esotropia

Answer 31

right or left eye deviates inward toward nose

Question 32

exotropia

Answer 32

right or left eye deviates outward away from nose

Question 33

scleritis

Answer 33

inflammation of the sclera

Question 34

trichiasis

Answer 34

misdirected eyelashes that rub on the conjunctive or cornea