Diagnostic Criteria Flashcards
Diagnosis for Schizophrenia (list the symptoms too)
At least two of the following symptoms must be present most of the time for a period of 1 month or more. At least one of those symptoms should be one of the first four listed below.
- Persistent delusions (e.g., grandiose delusions, delusions of reference, persecutory delusions).
- Persistent hallucinations (most commonly auditory, although they may be in any sensory modality).
- Disorganized thinking (formal thought disorder) (e.g., tangentiality and loose associations, irrelevant speech, neologisms).
- Experiences of influence, passivity or control (i.e., the experience that one’s feelings, impulses, actions or thoughts are not generated by oneself, are being placed in one’s mind or withdrawn from one’s mind by others, or that one’s thoughts are being broadcast to others).
· Negative symptoms
· Grossly disorganized behaviour that impedes goal-directed activity
· Psychomotor disturbances such as catatonic restlessness or agitation, posturing, waxy flexibility, negativism, mutism, or stupor.
What are the 4 symptoms, which at least 1 of, must be present for a schizophrenia diagnosis?
- Persistent delusions (e.g., grandiose delusions, delusions of reference, persecutory delusions).
- Persistent hallucinations (any sensory modality).
- Disorganized thinking (formal thought disorder)
- Experiences of influence, passivity or control (inc, thought interference etc)
Time frame for symptoms to be present in order to reach threshold for schizophrenia diagnosis
Most of the time for at least a month
List the symptoms for the ICD 11 schizophrenia diagnostic criteria
- Persistent delusions
- Persistent hallucinations
- Disorganized thinking (formal thought disorder)
- Experiences of influence, passivity or control
· Negative symptoms
· Grossly disorganized behaviour that impedes goal-directed activity
· Psychomotor disturbances
What is a manic episode?
A manic episode is an extreme mood state lasting at least one week unless shortened by a treatment intervention that is characterised by:
· euphoria,
· irritability, or expansiveness,
· increased activity or a subjective experience of increased energy,
What differentiates hypo mania from mania?
Hypomania- 4 days +, some impairment but may not require intervention
Mania- 1 week +, causes severe impairment to functioning
List 5 symptoms of mania
· euphoria
increased irritability,
· increased activity,
· or a subjective experience of increased energy,
· rapid or racing thoughts
increased self-esteem
decreased need for sleep,
distractibility
impulsive or reckless behaviour.
Can someone have bipolar 2 and have manic episodes?
No, only hypomanic episodes must be present
What are we mainly interested in, bipolar 1 or 2? Why
1, Bipolar 2 does not include manic episodes and we are interested in mania.
Bipolar 1 criteria
Have to have had a manic episode lasting at least one week unless shortened by a treatment intervention that is characterised by:
euphoria,
· irritability, or expansiveness,
· increased activity or a subjective experience of increased energy,
Bipolar 2 criteria
Bipolar type II disorder is an episodic mood disorder defined by the occurrence of one or more hypomanic episodes and at least one depressive episode.
depression criteria
A depressive episode is characterised by a period of depressed mood or diminished interest in activities occurring most of the day, nearly every day during a period lasting at least two weeks.
Mixed episode
A mixed episode is characterised by the presence of several prominent manic and several prominent depressive symptoms which either occur simultaneously or alternate very rapidly (from day to day or within the same day). Symptoms must include an altered mood state consistent with a manic and/or depressive episode and be present most of the day, nearly every day, during a period of at least 2 weeks, unless shortened by a treatment intervention
Schizoaffective disorder
Must meet criteria for a diagnosis of schizophrenia (2 symptoms, one of the first 4, lasting for at least a month) at the same time as experiencing mood symptoms that meet diagnostic criteria for either: a moderate or severe depressive episode; a manic episode; or a mixed episode.
The onset of both psychotic and mood symptoms must be at the same time, or within a few days of each other. Both sets of symptoms must last at least 1 month.
How long must both the mood and psychotic symptoms be present for for a schizoaffective diagnosis?
Both sets of symptoms must last at least 1 month.
Psychosis?
It is a symptom, not a diagnosis.
