Diagnostic criteria

Question 1

Schizoaffective disorder

Answer 1

An uninterrupted period of illness where there is a major mood episode
Delusions of hallucinations for 2 or more weeks without mood disorder
Sxs for more mood episode are present for the majority of the illness
Not attributable my another diagnosis

Question 2

Schizophreniform

Answer 2

At least 2 of the following for a 1 month period (must include delusions or hallucinations
Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, negative symptom s
Lasts at least 1 month but less than 6 months
Other diagnosis are rules out

Question 3

Schizophrenia

Answer 3

2 or more of the following during a 1 month period (must include delusions, hallucinations, and/ or disorganized speech)
Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior, negative sis
Level of functioning has diminished
Continuous signs for at least 6 months
Other dxs have been ruled out

Question 4

Substance induces psychosis

Answer 4

Presence of one or both delusions and hallucination s
Sis began after ingestion or withdrawal
Causes significant distress
Other dxs rules out

Question 5

Psychotic disorder due to medical condition

Answer 5

Asking if they have a UTI- any concerns of medical concerns playing a role in psychosis they most go to a hospital- it can not be a medical condition going into psychosis
Prominent hallucinations and delusions
Direct consequence of a medical concern
Causes significant distress
Othere dxs ruled out

Question 6

Brief psychotic disorder

Answer 6

Least 1 day but less then 1 months
Not sprained by SU, medical condition, or other dxs
Must include one or more of
Delusion
Hallucination
Disorganized speech
Disorganized behavior

Question 7

Bipolar 1 disorder

Answer 7

Manic episodes
Criteria have been meant or at least one manic episode
One manic is not best explained by schezofrenia, schizopreniform disorder, delusional disorder or other specified or unspecified schezofrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorder
Not due to substance or another medial condition
MDE:
5 or more of the symptoms have been present in the span of two weeks

Question 8

Bipolar 2 disorder

Answer 8

There has been at least one hypomanic episode and one MDE*
No history of manic episode
hypomanic episodes and MDEs are not part of of a psychotic disorder such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder
Not due to substance or another medical condition
Distress or impairment due to depression symptoms or to unpredictability of alternating mood episodes
* in contrast to Bipolar 1 disorder, a MDE (current or past) is required for Bipolar 2 disorder diagnosis

Question 9

Specifiers for Bipolar 1 and Bipolar 2 disorder

Answer 9

Nature of Current or most recent episode
Manic (bipolar 1 disorder only)
Hypomanic
Depressed

Question 10

Rapid cycling

Answer 10

Defined as 4 or more distinct mood episodes within 12 mo period
More common in women and those with bipolar 2 disorder
Challenging to treat and often associated with poorer course
Does not respond as well to lithium

Question 11

Mixed states

Answer 11

Depressive symptoms during mania more common in women then men (opposite pattern more common in men)
Associated with greater:
Number, severity of illness episode
comorbidity
Psychosocial impairment
Weighted suicide risk

Question 12

Cyclothymic disorder

Answer 12

A period of 2 years or more ( 1 year in kids) marked by numerous hypomanic symptoms and depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria for either a hypomanic episode or MDE
Never without symptoms for more then 2 months at a time during 2 year period and symptoms present for at least 50 % of this time
Criteria never met for a MDE, hypomanic episode and manic episode

Question 13

MDD (major depressive disorder

Answer 13

Five or more of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represented a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure
Note- do not include symptoms that are clearly attributable to another medical condition

Question 14

symptoms of MDD

Answer 14

Depressed mood most of the day, nearly everyday as indicated by either subjective report (e.g. feels sad, empty, hopeless or observation made by others (appears tearful)
(Children and adolescents, can be irritable mood)
2. Marked diminished interest or pleasure in all or almost all, activities most of the day nearly everyday (as indicated by subjective or observation account)
3. Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain or decrease in appetite, nearly everyday
4. Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly everyday
5. Psychomotor agitation or slowing down or motor activity
6. Fatigue or loss of energy nearly everyday
7. Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt
8. Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness nearly everyday
9. Recurrent thoughts of death (not just a fear of dying) recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan

Question 15

Depressive symptoms appear to be universal

Answer 15

Is typically a recurrent condition that negatively impacts how clients see themselves and the world around them and there future, and the depressive disorders are associated with significant suicide risk. These conditions often run in families, and in addiction to genetic conditions, abnormalities in neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine systems also characterize the depressive disorders

Question 16

Peripartum onset

Answer 16

Specifier with permpartum onset can be assigned to a diagnosis of MDD or Persistent Depressive Disorder when the onset of the current or most recent MDE occurring in the context of either of these disorders occurs during pregnancy or within 4 weeks of giving birth, postpartum onset and the change in terminology reflects the fact that many cases of so- called postpartum mood disturbance actually being prier to birth

Question 17

Persistant Depressive Disorder

Answer 17

Stands out based on the length of symptoms
Depressed mood for most of the day, for a more days then not, as indicated by either subjective account or observation by others, for at least 2 years
In children and adolescents, mood can be irritable and duration must be at least 1 year

Question 18

Mania

Answer 18

Hypomania and mania are periods of over-active and high energy behavior that can have a significant impact on your day to day life, hypomania is milder version of mania that typically lasts for a shorter period. That is usually a few days, although the length of time can vary. Mania is more sever form

Question 19

Constitues a manic episode

Answer 19

Sustained elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and sustained increases in energy or goal-directed behavior that are abnormal and last a minimum of 1 week
Duration can be shorter if individuals need to be hospitalized
At least 3 additional symptoms from list of 7 (4 if mood is irritable)

Question 20

Symptoms causes of manic episodes

Answer 20

Sustained elevated, expensive, or irritable mood and sustained increases in energy or goals-directed behavior that are abnormal and last a minimum of 1 week
Duration can be short if individual needs to be hospitalized
AchedAt least 3 additional symptoms from list of 7 (4 mood is irritable) -
Symptoms cause significant impairment in
Psychotic symptoms my be present

Question 21

Hypomanic episode

Answer 21

Sustained elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and sustained increase in energy or goal- directed behavior that are abnormal and last minimum of 4 days
At least 3 additional symptoms form life of 7 (4 if mood is irritable)
Sx list is identical to that for Mania
Unequivocal change in functioning observable by others but…
O sever impairment in functioning (e.g. no hospitalization; no psychotic symptoms)

Question 22

ASD

Answer 22

A childhood onset neurodevelopment disorder characterized by delay in communication skills, impairments in social interactions, and repetitive or restrictive patterns or interests
A disorder of the developing mind and brain
Should ASD beg considered a development disorder
Symptoms can show up from 12-18 months

Question 23

Social communication and interactions

Answer 23

Children might have a difficult time developing language skills and understanding communication from others
Difficulty with nonverbal communication skill; eye contact, hand gestures, and facial expressions
Methods of communication vary from person to person, some may have very limited language skills, some have a wide array of communication skills

Question 24

Language development

Answer 24

Patters of language ASD can include
Repetitive and rigid language
Narrow interests and exceptional abilities
Uneven language development
Poor non-verbal communication skills

Question 25

Diagnosis markers

Answer 25

Persistent deficits in the three areas of social communication and interaction
Include two clusters of persistent and pervasive deficits
Deficits in social communication and interactions
Restrictive and repetitive behaviors

Question 26

Repetitive behaviors

Answer 26

Two of the following behaviors must be met to meet criteria of a repetitive behavior according to the DSM
Motor movement or stereotyped patters or behaviors
Insistence on sameness
Fixated/interested or activities and preoccupations
Hyper/ hypo sensory stimuli