Diagnositcs

Question 1

Oesophageal acidity

Answer 1

Catheter with Ph electrode inserted into stomach through mouth

Question 2

Oesophageal manometry

Answer 2

Measures sphincter pressure and peristaltic contractions. Catheter with pressure transducer inserted into oesophagus

Question 3

Acid perfusion test

Answer 3

Nasogastric tune inserted and normal saline followed by hydrocholoric acid is dropped into tube to determine the difference in pain from gastric to cardiac

Question 4

Barium swallow

Answer 4

Observe movement of contrast with fluoroscope

Nursing care- NBM 8-12hrs, drink 450-550 barium sulphate, withold meds, give laxatives post to flush out barium

Question 5

Barium enema

Answer 5

Contrast medium inserted through tube into colon, then X-ray

Nursing care- clear fluid diet 1-3 days prior then on the day given laxatives and enema

Question 6

Colonoscopy

Answer 6

Camer inserted into rectum

Question 7

Upper GI endoscopy

Answer 7

Camera inserted sown throat

Question 8

Gastric analysis

Answer 8

To detect free hydrochloride acid. Nasogastric tune inserted and gastric content aspirated

Question 9

Gastric emptying studies

Answer 9

Asked to eat cooked egg or orange juice and images are recorded with gamma camera every 2 mins for up to 1 hour

Question 10

Cholecystography

Answer 10

Check gallstones

Radiopaque tablets are given the night before and xrays are taken, high fat meal then xrays repeated

Question 11

Cholangiography

Answer 11

Evaluate filling of hepatic and bile ducts. Liver and bile duct are entered with long needle, bile is withdrawn and contrast injected

Question 12

Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)

Answer 12

MRI to assess biliary and pancreatic ducts

Question 13

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Answer 13

Directly visualises and removes gallstones

Question 14

Serum lipase

Answer 14

Measures secretion of lipase by pancreas

Question 15

Serum amylase

Answer 15

Used to diagnose pancreatitis