diagnosis: classification systems DSM IVR or DSM V & ICD

Question 1

what does DSM stand for?

Answer 1

• diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders

Question 2

what is the DSM?

Answer 2

• an identification of groups/patterns of behaviour or mental symptoms that reliably occur together to form a type of disorder

Question 3

what does the DSM allow you to do?

Answer 3

• allows psychiatrists, doctors and psychologists to identify and talk about groups of similar sufferers
• prognosis (prediction about future course of disorder)
• determine causes
• suitable treatment administered

Question 4

what is the multiaxial system?

Answer 4

• looks at more than one aspect of a person - looking for patterns across the area

Question 5

what is axis 1?

Answer 5

• includes disorders already present (except personality and mental retardation) e.g. schizophrenia, anxiety and eating disorders

Question 6

what is axis 2?

Answer 6

• personality disorders and mental retardation

Question 7

what is axis 3?

Answer 7

• other general medical conditions e.g. diabetes/heart condition

Question 8

what is axis 4?

Answer 8

• psychosocial/environmental problems that may affect diagnosis e.g. housing problems, financial

Question 9

what is axis 5?

Answer 9

• GAF scale (Global Assessment of Functioning)
• ranges from 100-0
• psychiatrists assess psychological, social and occupational functioning on scale e.g. score 90 = minimal symptoms, score 40 = serious problems in several areas e.g. family, employment, unable to think rationally

Question 10

what does ICD stand for?

Answer 10

• International Statistical Classification of Diseases

Question 11

what organisation developed ICD?

Answer 11

• World Health Organisation (WHO)
• more widely used globally than DSM

Question 12

what is ICD used for?

Answer 12

• used to monitor incidence (when health problem occurs) and prevalence (how frequent problem occurs
• addresses all diseases, not just mental
• groups each disorder as being part of a family e.g. mood disorders is a family that includes depression in all its forms e.g. bipolar

Question 13

what does the ICD contain?

Answer 13

• section F (specific to mental health)
• each disorder is coded e.g. F32 is depression, F31 is bipolar disorder and even further e.g. F32 0.01 is mild depression with physical symptoms
• coding allows clinician to go from general to specific and to convey diagnosis to others in easy and systematic way