Diagnosis and Classification Flashcards
Schizophrenia.
A severe mental disorder where contact with reality and insight are impaired.
More commonly diagnosed are…
men, city-dwellers, lower socio-economic groups.
Classification of mental disorder.
The process of organising symptoms into categories based on which symptoms frequently cluster together.
According to the medical approach, in order to diagnose a specific disorder, we need to…
Distinguish one disorder from another by identifying clusters of symptoms that occur together and classifying this as one disorder.
Diagnosis is then possible by identifying symptoms and deciding what disorder a person has.
2 major systems for the classification of mental disorder.
International Classification of Disease (ICD-10);
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5).
Previous editions of ICD and DSM recognised…
Subtypes of schizophrenia. They dropped it because they tended to be inconsistent.
Define negative symptoms.
Atypical experiences that represent the loss of a usual experience.
Define positive symptoms.
Atypical symptoms are experienced in addition to normal experiences.
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Speech poverty.
Avolition.
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
Hallucinations.
Delusions.
Hallucinations.
A positive symptom.
Sensory experiences that have either no basis in reality or are distorted perceptions of things that are there.
Delusions.
A positive symptom.
Involves irrational beliefs that have no basis in reality.
Speech poverty.
A negative symptom.
Characterised by changes in patterns of speech.
Emphasis on reduction in the amount and quality of speech in schizophrenia.
More emphasis placed on speech disorganization in which speech becomes incoherent or the speaker changes topic mid-sentence.
Avolition.
A negative symptom.
Involves the loss of motivation to carry out tasks and results in lowered activity levels.
