Diagnosis Flashcards
What is HTN a risk factor for?
- Stroke
- IHD
- HF
- CKD
- Cognitive decline
- Premature death
When would you measure BP manually?
if pulse irregularity is present
When would you take a second BP measurement?
- If the difference in readings between arms is more than 15 mmHg
- If BP measured in the clinic is 140/90 mmHg or higher
Which measurements of BP do you record?
The lowest 2
When would you offer ABPM or HBPM?
Patient’s BP is between 140/90 mmHg and 180/120 mmHg
When using HBPM, what is the advice given?
- Stay seated
- Take 2 consecutive measurements, as least 1 minute apart
- Record in the morning and at night
- Want 14 measurements (7 days)
How would you diagnose HTN from HBPM?
Discard the measurements taken on the first day and use the average value of all the remaining measurements
What is a diagnosis of HTN?
• Clinic BP of 140/90 mmHg ≥
AND
• ABPM or HBPM average of 135/85 mmHg ≥
What tests would you offer to a patient with newly diagnosed HTN?
- Urinalysis
- HbA1C, U+Es, creatinine, eGFR, total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol
- Fundoscopy
- ECG
What are the clinic BP aims?
- <80 = ≤ 140/90 mmHg
* >80 = ≤ 150/90 mmHg
What are the BP aims for ABPM and HBPM?
- <80 = <135/85 mmHg
* >80 = <145/85 mmHg
What are the stages of HTN?
STAGE 1
135/85 - 149/94
STAGE 2
150/95 - 179/119
STAGE 3
>180/120
What is a hypertensive urgency?
BP is >180/110
No acute damage to kidneys, heart or brain
What is a hypertensive emergency?
BP is >180/120
Damage to end organs
What are the symptoms of a hypertensive urgency?
o Severe headache
o SOB
o Epistaxis
o Anxiety