Diagnoses Flashcards
Schizophrenia
Schizoaffective Disorder
Schizophreniform Disorder
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
SCHIZOPHRENIA - 2+ of: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized/odd bx, negative sx for 6 MONTHS
SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER - psychotic features are constant, mood sx come and go
SCHIZOPHRENIFORM DISORDER - same as schizophrenia but the duration is between 1 to 6 months
SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER - LONER “I’m not here to make friends”
SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER - odd behavior, beliefs, dress…but hasn’t had a psychotic episode. Looks prodromal.
PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
vs.
DELUSIONAL DISORDER
vs.
SCHIZOPHRENIA
PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER - irrational suspicion and mistrust of others, doubt of loyalty, read into messages, hold grudges
DELUSIONAL DISORDER - someone who experiences delusions but that is all.
SCHIZOPHRENIA - delusions PLUS ANYTHING ELSE. hallucinations, flat affect, etc.
SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
vs.
AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER
vs.
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER - LONER. “I’m not here to make friends.” Lack of interest in social relationships. No desire to connect. May have some depressive features because isolation does that to people.
AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER - LONELY. Afraid of being rejected. Want to connect but inhibited out of fear/worry that people will reject or judge them, so they avoid.
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER - egoDYSTONIC isolation. May isolate when in a depressive episode.
SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
vs.
SCHIZOPHRENIA
SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER - odd. off. delusions. haven’t had a psychotic episode yet. odd behavior and thinking. may believe in aliens or think the news is talking to them. Could have had some paranoia but haven’t gone into a psychotic episode. May have social issues because they are just odd.
SCHIZOPHRENIA - Delusions plus other sx such as HALLUCINATIONS, disorganized speech, disorganized/odd bx, negative sx.
ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
vs.
NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER - 18+ and they had conduct disorder by the age of 15. Pervasive disregard for the rights of others. Aggressive, law breaking, lack of REMORSE.
NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER - Grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of EMPATHY, exaggerate their achievements, entitlement, envy others, arrogant, can fly into a rage, common for perpetrators of DV
BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER
vs.
HISTRIONIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER - Known for instability in relationships (idealize/devalue), black and white thinking, frantic fear of abandonment, mood & identity instability, emptiness, rage, often SI gestures, hard to keep jobs.
HISTRIONIC PERSONALITY DISORDER - pervasive attention seeking, seductive dress, rapid/shallow emotions, charismatic, worried about appearance, dramatic, vain
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY DISORDER
vs.
DEPENDENT PERSONALITY DISORDER
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY DISORDER - rigid conformity to rules, anal, perfectionist
DEPENDENT PERSONALITY DISORDER - difficulty making decisions, difficulty disagreeing with others, easygoing, hard time doing things on their own, lack confidence, go to lengths to get approval, uncomfortable with being alone, want support, defer to others.
DELIRIUM
vs.
MAJOR NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER
vs.
MILD NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER
vs.
MDD in elderly
DELIRIUM - comes on quickly, marked shift, onset often due to a medical issue, memory, language issue, delusions, hallucinations, rapid onset, few hours
MAJOR NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER - formerly dementia. Serious issues with attention, memory, language, motor skills. Require accommodations / can’t function properly.
MILD NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER - formerly dementia. precursor to “MAJOR” ND. still able to maintain independence. Forgetful but still able to generally function.
MDD in elderly - may have issues with memory but they are aware of it
SOMATIC SYMPTOM DISORDER
vs.
ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER
vs.
FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOM DISORDER
SOMATIC SYMPTOM DISORDER - AKA somatization. 6+ months. somatic issues (pain, etc.) + health anxiety.
ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER - AKA Hypochondria. 6+ months. actual somatic symptoms are rare, mild, or nonexistent. Mostly just intense fear of having a serious disease.
FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOM DISORDER - psychological issue converts to physical issue. E.g., losing use of arm, etc.
FACTITIOUS DISORDER
vs.
MALINGERING
vs.
FACTITIOUS DISORDER BY PROXY
FACTITIOUS DISORDER - AKA Munchausen. Person likes the attention of being sick and will appear sick for attention.
MALINGERING - faking an illness to get out of something (like prison, etc.)
FACTITIOUS DISORDER BY PROXY - AKA Munchausen by proxy. Parent makes their child sick in order to get attention.
ANOREXIA NERVOSA
vs.
BULIMIA NERVOSA
vs.
BINGE EATING DISORDER
ANOREXIA NERVOSA - restricts food, low weight, distorted self image, fear of fat
BULIMIA NERVOSA - binge eating + feel out of control + purging bx (vomit, exercise, diarrhea). Reoccurring cycle.
BINGE EATING DISORDER - only binge, no purge
UNSPECIFIED EATING DISORDER
vs.
BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER
UNSPECIFIED EATING DISORDER - doesn’t fit in any other category…e.g., purge only; normal weight; etc.
BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER - this isn’t about losing weight/being overweight. Obsessive about body. Some body fixation and displeasure with body part.
DEPERSONALIZATION / DEREALIZATION DISORDER
vs.
DISSOCIATIVE AMNESIA
vs.
DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISORDER
DEPERSONALIZATION / DEREALIZATION DISORDER - They are in contact with reality but the world feels surreal, they feel disconnected. Experience reality but feel disconnected/surreal.
DISSOCIATIVE AMNESIA - Forget their personal information (like after an extreme shock like a natural disaster, war). Suddenly forget personal info.
DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISORDER - AKA Multiple Personality Disorder. 2+ distinct personality states even different names. The different parts don’t remember the other parts. Result of trauma.
GENITO-PELVIC PAIN / PENETRATION DISORDER
vs.
FEMALE SEXUAL INTEREST / AROUSAL DISORDER
GENITO-PELVIC PAIN / PENETRATION DISORDER - pain during intercourse. displeasure at the though of sex. tensing of the pelvic floor.
FEMALE SEXUAL INTEREST / AROUSAL DISORDER - lack of interest/arousal. decline or lack of intimacy. explore when working with couples.
INSOMNIA DISORDER
vs.
HYPERSOMNOLENCE DISORDER
INSOMNIA DISORDER - not sleeping / difficulty sleeping for 3x/wk for 3 months. R/O mania, MDD, anxiety disorders.
HYPERSOMNOLENCE DISORDER - Difficulty being fully awake. Sluggish. exceeds 7 hours. R/O substance use, MDD.
NIGHTMARE DISORDER
vs.
NON-RAPID EYE MOVEMENT SLEEP DISORDER
NIGHTMARE DISORDER - Person wakes from nightmare and can remember the nightmare and is oriented.
NON-RAPID EYE MOVEMENT SLEEP DISORDER - Sleep terrors. Can’t remember once they wake. Sleepwalking. Don’t fully wake up / incomplete waking.
CENTRAL SLEEP APNEA
vs.
NARCOLEPSY
CENTRAL SLEEP APNEA - Person stops breathing while asleep, tired because of quality of sleep.
NARCOLEPSY - Attack of sleep. Daytime fatigue.
INTERMITTENT EXPLOSIVE DISORDER
vs.
KLEPTOMANIA
vs.
TRICHOTILLOMANIA
INTERMITTENT EXPLOSIVE DISORDER - Problems controlling aggression. Destructive, etc. Not explained by anything else.
KLEPTOMANIA - Stealing for fun / rush.
TRICHOTILLOMANIA - Compulsive hair pulling.
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER
vs.
SUBSTANCE-INDUCED DISORDERS
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER - Not functioning in life due to substance use. Tolerance. Can’t stop.
SUBSTANCE-INDUCED DISORDERS - 2 types (substance intoxication and substance withdrawal).
SUBSTANCE INTOXICATION - while on substance, impact of drug.
SUBSTANCE WITHDRAWAL - impact of going off the drug.
SUBSTANCE INDUCED NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER…
GAMBLING DISORDER
Preoccupied. gamble when distressed. Lie about it. Jeopardize relationships. R/O Mania.
AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER
vs.
SOCIAL (PRAGMATIC) COMMUNICATION DISORDER
AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER - shows up age 0-5 years. Deficiency in social/reciprocity. Poor eye contact, etc. Poor companion play. Stereotyped behavior. difficulty with transitions. obsessive interests. hyper or hypo sensory sensitivity. SOCIAL + STEREOTYPED.
SOCIAL (PRAGMATIC) COMMUNICATION DISORDER - Impaired social communication but that is all.
SPECIFIC LEARNING DISORDER
vs.
ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER
SPECIFIC LEARNING DISORDER - Specific to math, reading, writing. Difficulty learning, considering IQ level. Dyslexia, sensory processing. May act out if they are having trouble. Difficulty learning even though they are smart.
ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER - Sx need to be present prior to age 12. 2+ settings of impairment. attention issues. hyperactivity. interrupt others. organization issues. mental effort tasks = hard.
PICA
vs.
RUMINATION DISORDER
PICA - persistent eating of non-food substances.
RUMINATION DISORDER - repeated regurgitation of food. Eat and regurgitate.
LANGUAGE DISORDER
vs.
CHILDHOOD-ONSET FLUENCY DISORDER
LANGUAGE DISORDER - Below normal # of words known. Simple Sentences. 0-5 onset. Hard time building vocabulary. “me go park.”
CHILDHOOD-ONSET FLUENCY DISORDER - 0-5 onset. Stuttering. Sounds, syllables repeated. Broken words.
TOURETTE’S DISORDER
vs.
PERSISTENT MOTOR/VOCAL TIC DISORDER
TOURETTE’S DISORDER - BOTH motor and vocal tics.
PERSISTENT MOTOR/VOCAL TIC DISORDER - EITHER/OR Motor/vocal tic. Not both types.
ENCOPRESIS
vs.
ENURESIS
ENCOPRESIS - POOP. Older than 4 years old (5+). soiling pants.
ENURESIS - Urinating in bed or clothes. Older than 5 years old (6+).
SEPARATION ANXIETY DISORDER
vs.
GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER
SEPARATION ANXIETY DISORDER - anxiety specific to separating from attachment figure. Child: 4+ weeks duration. Adult: 6+ months duration.
GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER - Number of different themes/focuses. More physical sx. Adults or kids: 6+ months duration.
SELECTIVE MUTISM
vs.
SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER
SELECTIVE MUTISM - Refuse to speak in some situations.
SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER - Around social situations…fear of being observed or judged. Fear of rejection.
REACTIVE ATTACHMENT DISORDER
vs.
DISINHIBITED SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT DISORDER
REACTIVE ATTACHMENT DISORDER - Result of abuse/attachment issues. 9 months to 5 years. Failure to thrive. withdrawn. Don’t seek/respond to comfort.
DISINHIBITED SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT DISORDER - 9 months to 5 years. No boundaries. attach extremely quickly to others.
OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER
vs.
CONDUCT DISORDER
vs.
DISRUPTIVE MOOD DYSREGULATION DISORDER
OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER - Defiant. Issues with authority. Argue.
CONDUCT DISORDER - Law breaking. Fights. Lack of remorse. Feeds into antisocial PD. VIOLATE RIGHTS.
DISRUPTIVE MOOD DYSREGULATION DISORDER - between 6 to 17 years old? Used to be Bipolar in kids. Chronically moody. Outbursts 3x/wk. Negative mood. Consistent tantrums. Irritable.
BRIEF PSYCHOTIC DISORDER
vs.
SCHIZOPHRENIFORM DISORDER
vs.
SCHIZOPHRENIA
BRIEF PSYCHOTIC DISORDER - up to 1 month of psychotic sx.
SCHIZOPHRENIFORM DISORDER - 1 to 6 months of psychotic sx.
SCHIZOPHRENIA - over 6 months of sx.
The symptoms:
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganized speech
- disorganized bx
- negative sx
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
vs.
UNSPECIFIED DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
vs.
PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER - at least 2 weeks. 5+ Sx: Depressed mood; loss of interest; weight loss/gain or appetite changes; slowing of body or restlessness; fatigue; worthlessness/guilt; difficulty concentrating; SI.
UNSPECIFIED DEPRESSIVE DISORDER - doesn’t meet full criteria for MDD.
PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER - Not as deep/intense sx as MDD. Duration: adult = 2+ years; child = 1+ years. Chronically mildly depressed.
BIPOLAR I DISORDER
vs.
BIPOLAR II DISORDER
vs.
CYCLOTHYMIC DISORDER
BIPOLAR I DISORDER - 7 day minimum manic phase. irritable, grandiose, risky, lack of need for sleep, high energy.
BIPOLAR II DISORDER - Hypomania (4+ days, not as severe as mania) AND MDD (both).
CYCLOTHYMIC DISORDER - 2+ years duration. Hypomania + low level depressive episodes.
UNSPECIFIED DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
vs.
UNSPECIFIED MOOD DISORDER
vs.
UNSPECIFIED BIPOLAR DISORDER
UNSPECIFIED DEPRESSIVE DISORDER - doesn’t meet full criteria MDD.
UNSPECIFIED MOOD DISORDER - sx of mood disorder but doesn’t meet criteria. Not clearly any one thing.
UNSPECIFIED BIPOLAR DISORDER - Doesn’t meet full criteria of Bipolar.
SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER
vs.
BIPOLAR I DISORDER WITH PSYCHOTIC FEATURES
SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER - Psychotic features always there, mood part comes in and out.
BIPOLAR I DISORDER WITH PSYCHOTIC FEATURES - Mood features constant, psychotic features come in and out.
BEREAVEMENT
vs.
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
vs.
ADJUSTMENT DISORDER WITH DEPRESSED MOOD
BEREAVEMENT - Grieving death/loss of person or animal. Loss, anger, despair.
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER - can go with bereavement if there are biological sx, shame, SI.
ADJUSTMENT DISORDER WITH DEPRESSED MOOD - not diagnosed with death. Recent life stressors. Timeline: sx w/in 3 months of stressor occuring.
ACUTE = only within 6 months of stressor (otherwise it’s PERSISTENT).
BEREAVEMENT
vs.
PROLONGED GRIEF DISORDER
BEREAVEMENT - death of loved one. normal grief reaction.
PROLONGED GRIEF DISORDER - significant impairment. ADULT: 12+ months; CHILD: 6+ months
PANIC DISORDER
vs.
AGORAPHOBIA
PANIC DISORDER - Recurring panic attacks and fear of panic attacks impacting functioning.
AGORAPHOBIA - fear of going out. 2+ situations.
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER
vs.
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY DISORDER
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER - obsessions and compulsions.
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY DISORDER - perfectionist, controlling, rigid, egosyntonic.
POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD)
vs.
ACUTE STRESS DISORDER
vs.
ADJUSTMENT DISORDER WITH ANXIETY
POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) - (1) event (2) intrusive (3) negative mood (4) avoidance (5) arousal. TIMELINE: 1+ month after event.
ACUTE STRESS DISORDER - same sx. w/in 1 month since incident occurred.
ADJUSTMENT DISORDER WITH ANXIETY - not a trauma event, just a stressor.
GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER
vs.
ANXIETY DISORDER UNSPECIFIED
GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER - sx for AT LEAST 6 months. biological symptoms as well. anxiety/worry + (Restlessness, fatigue, poor concentration, irritable, muscle aches, difficulty sleeping, etc.)
ANXIETY DISORDER UNSPECIFIED - Duration LESS THAN 6 months. Not as many sx as GAD.
