Diabetic Testing

Question 1

Plasma Glucose

Answer 1

Normal: FPG <100mg/dL

Increased risk for Diabetes “Pre-diabetes”:
Impaired fasting glucose (IFG): 100-125
Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT): 2h OGTT of 140-199

Diabetes Mellitus:
Hem A1C ≥ 6.5%
FPG ≥ 126
2h OGTT ≥ 200

Question 2

Hemoglobin A1C

Answer 2

≥ 6.5% Diabetes
5.7-6.4% Abnormal
< 5.7% Normal

Question 3

Glucosuria

Answer 3

Noted when blood glucose exceeds 180

Leads to osmotic diuresis

Overall, this is not normal and needs a follow up blood sugar

Question 4

Albumin to Creatinine Ratio (ACR)

Answer 4

Spot urine albumin/creatinine ratio
Preferably first-morning void
Correlates well with a 24h urine sample
Microalbuminuria = 30-300 mg albumin/g of creatinine (positive test)

24 h urine collection is the standard