diabetic foot

Question 1

looking at their footwear

Answer 1

pattern of wear on soles - should be symmetrical
correct size
no materials which may cause foot injury

Question 2

inspection of foot/leg

Answer 2

skin colour, integrity, signs infection, hair loss:

• cyanosis, pallor
• venous/arterial ulcers
• foot calluses

between toes + nails: cuts, fungal infection

deformities: hallux valgus, charcot’s arthropathy, overriding toes

Question 3

assessing circulatory function

Answer 3

• temp, colour, varicosities, oedema
• cap refill
• pulses (femoral only if can’t palpate others)

Question 4

assessing neurological function

Answer 4

• vibration sense
• soft and sharp touch
• monofilament test
• proprioception
• ankle reflec

Question 5

assessing MSK function

Answer 5

• plantar and dorsi-flexion ankle joint and toes
• inversion and eversion midtarsal + subtalar joints
• gait