Diabetic Foot

Question 1

What are the steps of diabetic foot examination?

Answer 1

1. Introduction
2. Inspection
3. Circulatory function
4. Neurological function
5. MSK function
6. CLosing

Question 2

What are you inspecting for?

Answer 2

• Shoes
• Deformities
• Skin colour and integrity
• Between toes and nails for cuts, fungal infections
• Plantar aspect for ulcers and callus
• Lower limb for ulcers and callus

Question 3

What is done for circulatory function?

Answer 3

1. Temerature lower limbs and toes
2. Capillary refill time
3. Lower limb pulses
   
   1. Dorsalis pedis, posterior tibialis, popliteal (femoral if distal not palpable)

Question 4

What is done for neurological function?

Answer 4

• Vibration sense
• Soft touch (big toe)
• Sharp touch (big toe)
• Monofilament test (5 points in random fashion)
  
  • Remember to clean
• Proprioception
• Ankle reflexes

Question 5

What is done for MSK function?

Answer 5

1. Plantar and dorsalflexion
2. Inversion and eversion at mid-tarsal and subtalar joints
3. Dorsi and plantarflexion big toe
4. Gait

Question 6

Describe steps of taking blood sugar?

Answer 6

1. Wash hands and introduction
2. Gather epuipment - blood glucose monitor, testing strips, lancet, gauze
3. Insert test strip
4. Don gloves
5. Remove safety clip from lancet and take sample
6. Place testing strip into blood
7. Give patient tissue and note reading
8. Discard waste in correct bins
9. Conclude