Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Prevention Flashcards
Does breastfeeding for 12 months or more reduce the risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 in adults?
Yes, breastfeeding for 12 months or more may reduce the likelihood of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 in adults.
What is the association between systolic blood pressure reduction and the incidence of new-onset type 2 diabetes?
Systolic blood pressure reduction of 5 mm Hg is associated with a lower incidence of new-onset type 2 diabetes.
Which medications are associated with a lower incidence of new-onset type 2 diabetes?
The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) is associated with a lower incidence of new-onset type 2 diabetes.
What was the initial starting dose of metformin in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) trial?FOR T2D PREVENTION
The initial starting dose of metformin in the DPP trial was 850 mg orally once OR 500MG BID daily for 1 month.
What was the dosage of metformin increased to in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) trial, if tolerated? FOR T2D PREVENTION
The dosage of metformin was increased to 850 mg orally twice daily if tolerated in the DPP trial.
What are the recommended starting doses of metformin for the prevention of type 2 diabetes?
The recommended starting doses of metformin for the prevention of type 2 diabetes are 500 mg orally twice daily or 850 mg orally once daily with meals.
Which medication has the strongest benefit for prevention of type 2 diabetes?
Metformin
بعد ما نوقفه يرجع الريسك
How do antihyperglycemic agents prevent type 2 diabetes?
Antihyperglycemic agents may prevent type 2 diabetes by reducing pancreatic beta-cell load, reducing insulin resistance, and enhancing weight loss.
What is the potential benefit of GLP-1 agonists in preventing type 2 diabetes?
GLP-1 agonists have the potential to enhance weight loss in the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
According to the content, is bariatric surgery an indication for the prevention of type 2 diabetes?
No, bariatric surgery is not indicated for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in patients with obesity and/or prediabetes.
What is the criteria for considering bariatric surgery in adults with type 2 diabetes?
Bariatric surgery is considered for adults with type 2 diabetes when their BMI is ≥ 40 kg/m2 (≥ 37.5 kg/m2 in Asian populations) despite optimal glycemic control or when their BMI is 35 kg/m2 -39.9 kg/m2 (32.5‐37.4 kg/m2 in Asian populations) with inadequate glycemic control.
Which anti-obesity medication may be used with lifestyle interventions to assist with achieving the weight loss target in patients at risk for type 2 diabetes?
Orlistat [Xenical, Alli], phentermine/topiramate extended-release [Qsymia], semaglutide [Wegovy], and liraglutide [Saxenda]
What are the criteria for using anti-obesity medications with lifestyle interventions in patients at risk for type 2 diabetes?
Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 or BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 plus concomitant obesity-related risk factor or disease
What kind of physical activity WITHOUT WT LOSS may reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes?
Physical activity performed at moderate-intensity, such as walking at a brisk pace.
How does physical activity help prevent type 2 diabetes?
Physical activity may help prevent type 2 diabetes through mechanisms such as improving insulin sensitivity, increasing glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) function and number, and enhancing muscle capillarization and blood flow.
Does vitamin D supplementation reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes in adults without prediabetes?
No, vitamin D supplementation does not reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes in adults without prediabetes.
Does vitamin D supplementation reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes in adults with prediabetes and obesity?
No, vitamin D supplementation does not reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes in adults with prediabetes and obesity.
How may higher fiber intake impact the risk of type 2 diabetes in adults?
Higher fiber intake may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in adults.
Does higher intake of long chain omega-3 for ≥ 24 weeks reduce the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in adults?
No, higher intake of long chain omega-3 for ≥ 24 weeks may not reduce the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in adults.
What is the duration for which higher intake of long chain omega-3 may not reduce the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in adults?
≥ 24 weeks
According to the content, how many cups of coffee per day may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in adults?
5 cups/day
What dietary factors may reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adults?
Higher intake of whole grains and dairy, and lower intake of red and processed meat.
What are some dietary recommendations to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in adults?
Increase whole grain and dairy intake, and reduce red and processed meat intake.
Which medications are mentioned as prodiabetic medications in the given content?
Statins, thiazides, beta-blockers, corticosteroids.
What are some risk factors for type 2 diabetes according to the content?
Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include prediabetes, family history of diabetes, age ≥ 35 years, cardiovascular disease, overweight or obesity, abdominal obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
TG ABOVE 250. HDL BELOW 35
What is one of the conditions associated with insulin resistance according to the content?
One of the conditions associated with insulin resistance is overweight or obesity.
What type of intervention may be considered if lifestyle interventions are unsuccessful in patients with prediabetes?
Antihyperglycemic agents combined with lifestyle interventions may be considered.
What is the recommended weight reduction goal for adults with overweight or obesity at high risk for type 2 diabetes?
A weight reduction of ≥ 7% of initial body weight.
What are the lifestyle behavior changes recommended for adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes?
Significantly reduced-calorie diet and ≥ 150 minutes/week of moderate intensity physical activity.
What is the effectiveness of certified technology-assisted interventions for type 2 diabetes prevention?
Certified technology-assisted interventions might be effective for type 2 diabetes prevention based on patient’s preference.
What are the recommendations for patients at risk of type 2 diabetes?
For patients at risk of type 2 diabetes, the recommendations include including nutrition management as a component of clinical care, encouraging physical activity, aiming for a 5%-10% reduction in body weight (if overweight), and advising patients not to use cigarettes, e-cigarettes, or other tobacco products.
What is the recommended percentage of body weight reduction for overweight individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes?
The recommended percentage of body weight reduction for overweight individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes is 5%-10%.
