Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Prevention

Question 1

Does breastfeeding for 12 months or more reduce the risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 in adults?

Answer 1

Yes, breastfeeding for 12 months or more may reduce the likelihood of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 in adults.

Question 2

What is the association between systolic blood pressure reduction and the incidence of new-onset type 2 diabetes?

Answer 2

Systolic blood pressure reduction of 5 mm Hg is associated with a lower incidence of new-onset type 2 diabetes.

Question 3

Which medications are associated with a lower incidence of new-onset type 2 diabetes?

Answer 3

The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) is associated with a lower incidence of new-onset type 2 diabetes.

Question 4

What was the initial starting dose of metformin in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) trial?FOR T2D PREVENTION

Answer 4

The initial starting dose of metformin in the DPP trial was 850 mg orally once OR 500MG BID daily for 1 month.

Question 5

What was the dosage of metformin increased to in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) trial, if tolerated? FOR T2D PREVENTION

Answer 5

The dosage of metformin was increased to 850 mg orally twice daily if tolerated in the DPP trial.

Question 6

What are the recommended starting doses of metformin for the prevention of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 6

The recommended starting doses of metformin for the prevention of type 2 diabetes are 500 mg orally twice daily or 850 mg orally once daily with meals.

Question 7

Which medication has the strongest benefit for prevention of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 7

Metformin

بعد ما نوقفه يرجع الريسك

Question 8

How do antihyperglycemic agents prevent type 2 diabetes?

Answer 8

Antihyperglycemic agents may prevent type 2 diabetes by reducing pancreatic beta-cell load, reducing insulin resistance, and enhancing weight loss.

Question 9

What is the potential benefit of GLP-1 agonists in preventing type 2 diabetes?

Answer 9

GLP-1 agonists have the potential to enhance weight loss in the prevention of type 2 diabetes.

Question 10

According to the content, is bariatric surgery an indication for the prevention of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 10

No, bariatric surgery is not indicated for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in patients with obesity and/or prediabetes.

Question 11

What is the criteria for considering bariatric surgery in adults with type 2 diabetes?

Answer 11

Bariatric surgery is considered for adults with type 2 diabetes when their BMI is ≥ 40 kg/m2 (≥ 37.5 kg/m2 in Asian populations) despite optimal glycemic control or when their BMI is 35 kg/m2 -39.9 kg/m2 (32.5‐37.4 kg/m2 in Asian populations) with inadequate glycemic control.

Question 12

Which anti-obesity medication may be used with lifestyle interventions to assist with achieving the weight loss target in patients at risk for type 2 diabetes?

Answer 12

Orlistat [Xenical, Alli], phentermine/topiramate extended-release [Qsymia], semaglutide [Wegovy], and liraglutide [Saxenda]

Question 13

What are the criteria for using anti-obesity medications with lifestyle interventions in patients at risk for type 2 diabetes?

Answer 13

Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 or BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 plus concomitant obesity-related risk factor or disease

Question 14

What kind of physical activity WITHOUT WT LOSS may reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes?

Answer 14

Physical activity performed at moderate-intensity, such as walking at a brisk pace.

Question 15

How does physical activity help prevent type 2 diabetes?

Answer 15

Physical activity may help prevent type 2 diabetes through mechanisms such as improving insulin sensitivity, increasing glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) function and number, and enhancing muscle capillarization and blood flow.

Question 16

Does vitamin D supplementation reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes in adults without prediabetes?

Answer 16

No, vitamin D supplementation does not reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes in adults without prediabetes.

Question 17

Does vitamin D supplementation reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes in adults with prediabetes and obesity?

Answer 17

No, vitamin D supplementation does not reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes in adults with prediabetes and obesity.

Question 18

How may higher fiber intake impact the risk of type 2 diabetes in adults?

Answer 18

Higher fiber intake may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in adults.

Question 19

Does higher intake of long chain omega-3 for ≥ 24 weeks reduce the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in adults?

Answer 19

No, higher intake of long chain omega-3 for ≥ 24 weeks may not reduce the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in adults.

Question 20

What is the duration for which higher intake of long chain omega-3 may not reduce the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in adults?

Answer 20

≥ 24 weeks

Question 21

According to the content, how many cups of coffee per day may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in adults?

Answer 21

5 cups/day

Question 22

What dietary factors may reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adults?

Answer 22

Higher intake of whole grains and dairy, and lower intake of red and processed meat.

Question 23

What are some dietary recommendations to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in adults?

Answer 23

Increase whole grain and dairy intake, and reduce red and processed meat intake.

Question 24

Which medications are mentioned as prodiabetic medications in the given content?

Answer 24

Statins, thiazides, beta-blockers, corticosteroids.

Question 25

What are some risk factors for type 2 diabetes according to the content?

Answer 25

Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include prediabetes, family history of diabetes, age ≥ 35 years, cardiovascular disease, overweight or obesity, abdominal obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.

TG ABOVE 250. HDL BELOW 35

Question 26

What is one of the conditions associated with insulin resistance according to the content?

Answer 26

One of the conditions associated with insulin resistance is overweight or obesity.

Question 27

What type of intervention may be considered if lifestyle interventions are unsuccessful in patients with prediabetes?

Answer 27

Antihyperglycemic agents combined with lifestyle interventions may be considered.

Question 28

What is the recommended weight reduction goal for adults with overweight or obesity at high risk for type 2 diabetes?

Answer 28

A weight reduction of ≥ 7% of initial body weight.

Question 29

What are the lifestyle behavior changes recommended for adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes?

Answer 29

Significantly reduced-calorie diet and ≥ 150 minutes/week of moderate intensity physical activity.

Question 30

What is the effectiveness of certified technology-assisted interventions for type 2 diabetes prevention?

Answer 30

Certified technology-assisted interventions might be effective for type 2 diabetes prevention based on patient’s preference.

Question 31

What are the recommendations for patients at risk of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 31

For patients at risk of type 2 diabetes, the recommendations include including nutrition management as a component of clinical care, encouraging physical activity, aiming for a 5%-10% reduction in body weight (if overweight), and advising patients not to use cigarettes, e-cigarettes, or other tobacco products.

Question 32

What is the recommended percentage of body weight reduction for overweight individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 32

The recommended percentage of body weight reduction for overweight individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes is 5%-10%.