Diabetes Mellitus

Question 1

GLUT-4 transporter?

Answer 1

Found in myocytes and adipocytes

Lies in vesicles and is recruited and enhanced by insulin

Question 2

Lipoprotein lipase?

Answer 2

Activated by insulin, breaks down triglycerides in the blood

Question 3

Ketone bodies?

Answer 3

Inhibited by insulin in the fed state

Question 4

2 useful tests for diabetes diagnosis?

Answer 4

Hb1Ac and fasting glucose levels

Question 5

T1D symptoms?

Answer 5

Weight loss
Hyperglycaemia
Glycosuria
Ketones in blood and urine

Question 6

2 T1D useful tests?

Answer 6

Antibodies (GAD, IA2)

C-peptide

Question 7

Hypoglycaemia symptoms and signs?

Answer 7

Sweating
Pallor
Shaking
Slurred speech
Vision problems
Seizures

Question 8

Problems with insulin resistance?

Answer 8

Hypertension
Increased weight
Inflammation
Adipocytokines

Question 9

Hyperglycaemia symptoms and signs?

Answer 9

Overweight
Dyslipidaemia
Less osmotic symptoms
Insulin resistance and later deficiency
Eye disease
Diabetic foot

Question 10

T2D risk factors?

Answer 10

Age, BMI, family history, not being active, ethnicity

Question 11

Diabetes management T1 vs T2

Answer 11

Exogenous insulin, self-monitoring of glucose, education
vs
Diet, oral medication, education, may need insulin later