diabetes mellitus

Question 1

group of metabolic disease characterized by increased levels of glucose in the blood (hyperglycemia) resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both

Answer 1

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 2

Normal glucose level

Answer 2

80-120

Question 3

2 types iof DM

Answer 3

Type 1 DM
Type 2 DM

Question 4

Type of DM with no insulin present

Answer 4

Type 1 DM

Question 5

Cause of Type 1 DM

Answer 5

Autoimmune
Genetic

Question 6

What type of DM occurs suddenly

Answer 6

Type 1 DM

Question 7

Type of DM where insulin therapy should be lifetime

Answer 7

Type 1 DM

Question 8

Type of DM most common in young

Answer 8

Type 1 DM

Question 9

Type of DM with not enough insulin

Answer 9

Type 2 DM

Question 10

Type of DM with insulin resistant

Answer 10

Type 1 DM

Question 11

Cause of type 2 DM

Answer 11

Lifestyle related

Question 12

Type of DM that appears gradually

Answer 12

Type 2 DM

Question 13

Management of Type 2 DM

Answer 13

if diet exercise not effective, then give oral meds

Question 14

Diagnostic Tests for DM

Answer 14

Fasting plasma glucose
Random plasma glucose
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
Self monitoring of blood glucose
Glycated hemoglobin (Glycosylated hemoglobin)

Question 15

Fasting plasma glucose

Answer 15

• fasting should be at least 8 hrs
• +DM if equal/greater than 120mg/dl (7mmol/L)

Question 16

Random plasma glucose

Answer 16

• casual plasma glucose
• +DM if equal/greater than 200mg/dl (11 mmol/L)

Question 17

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

Answer 17

• done in pregnant women
• drink 100ml of orange juice then check BS after 2hrs
• +GDM (Gestational diabetes mellitus) if equal/greater than 155 mg/dl

Question 18

HgbA1C or A1C

Answer 18

it counts the percentage of RBC
containing hemoglobin coated with
sugar which reflects the average
glucose level over a period of 2-3
months
o Below- 5.6
o Pre-DM- 5.6-6.4
o DM- 6.5 above

Question 19

Any degree of glucose intolerance during pregnancy

Answer 19

Gestational Diabetes

Question 20

hyperglycemia develops during pregnancy due to what in GDM

Answer 20

due to secretion of placental hormones (causes insulin resistance)

Question 21

high risk pregnant women should be screened at

Answer 21

24-28 weeks of gestation

Question 22

GDB needs what

Answer 22

need OGTT or glucose challenge (a 2 hr fasting level after 100 ml glucose)