Diabetes Medications Flashcards
Name the two types of insulin secretaogues and their Rx names
sulfonylureas (glipizide/glucotrol and glimepiride/amaryl) and meglitinides (glinides/prandin)
What is the function of insulin secretaogues
increases insulin secretions
what are the side effects of insulin secretaogues
hypoglycemia
What is the Rx name for biguanides
Metformin/glucophage
What is the function of biguanides
decrease glucose released from liver (suppress hepatic glucose production), increase insulin uptake in muscle (enhance insulin action)
What are the side effects of biguanides
bloating
gas
diarreah
anorexia
When should metformin/glucophage be taken
with food to decrease GI symptoms
Pts with kidney / liver abnormalities may experience this side effect of metformin
lactic acidosis
Name the Rx name of Thiaolidinediones
TZDs/Pioglitazones/glitazones/actos
What is the function of thiazolidinediones
increase insulin sensitivity
What are the side effects of taking thiazolidinediones
edema, fluit retention, increased risk of CHF of high risk pts
What are the Rx names for GLP-1 agonist
exenatide/byetta
What is the function of GLP-1 agonist
increase insulin secretion
suppress postprandial glucagon secretion
What are the side effects of taking a GLP-1 agonist
N/V/D/C Headaches Dizziness Indigestion Anorexia Sweating
What are the Rx names for Amylin Agonist
Pramlintide / Symlin
What is the function of amylin agonist
decrease glucagon release
appetitie suppressant
What are the side effects of amylin agonist
N/V
Headache
+insulin = hypoglycemia
What are the Rx names for DPP-4 Inhibitors
Saxagliptin/Onglyza
Sitagliptin/Januvia
Linagliptin/Tradjenta
What are the functions of DPP-4 Inhibitors
Decrease glucose release overnight and between meals
What are the side effects of DPP-4 inhibitors
Cold-like symptoms (sore throat, stuffy notes, upper resp. infection)
Diarreah
Stomach Discomfort
What are the types of SGLT-2 Inhibitors
Canagliflozin/Invokana
Dapagliflozin/Farxiga
Empaglyfloxin/Jardiance
What is the function of SGLT-2 Inhibitors
Kidneys excrete glucose via urine
What are the side effects of SGLT-2 Inhibitors
Acidosis Dehydration Increased Cholesterol Yeast Infection \+other Rx DM meds = hypoglycemia
Name the nutrition interactions of SGLT-2 inhibitors
do not take with food
interferes with Vit D, Ca, P metabolism
take with Ca supplement
