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RD Exam > Diabetes Medications > Flashcards

Diabetes Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Name the two types of insulin secretaogues and their Rx names

A

sulfonylureas (glipizide/glucotrol and glimepiride/amaryl) and meglitinides (glinides/prandin)

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2
Q

What is the function of insulin secretaogues

A

increases insulin secretions

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3
Q

what are the side effects of insulin secretaogues

A

hypoglycemia

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4
Q

What is the Rx name for biguanides

A

Metformin/glucophage

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5
Q

What is the function of biguanides

A

decrease glucose released from liver (suppress hepatic glucose production), increase insulin uptake in muscle (enhance insulin action)

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6
Q

What are the side effects of biguanides

A

bloating
gas
diarreah
anorexia

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7
Q

When should metformin/glucophage be taken

A

with food to decrease GI symptoms

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8
Q

Pts with kidney / liver abnormalities may experience this side effect of metformin

A

lactic acidosis

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9
Q

Name the Rx name of Thiaolidinediones

A

TZDs/Pioglitazones/glitazones/actos

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10
Q

What is the function of thiazolidinediones

A

increase insulin sensitivity

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11
Q

What are the side effects of taking thiazolidinediones

A

edema, fluit retention, increased risk of CHF of high risk pts

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12
Q

What are the Rx names for GLP-1 agonist

A

exenatide/byetta

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13
Q

What is the function of GLP-1 agonist

A

increase insulin secretion

suppress postprandial glucagon secretion

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14
Q

What are the side effects of taking a GLP-1 agonist

A 
N/V/D/C
Headaches
Dizziness
Indigestion
Anorexia
Sweating
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15
Q

What are the Rx names for Amylin Agonist

A

Pramlintide / Symlin

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16
Q

What is the function of amylin agonist

A

decrease glucagon release

appetitie suppressant

17
Q

What are the side effects of amylin agonist

A

N/V
Headache
+insulin = hypoglycemia

18
Q

What are the Rx names for DPP-4 Inhibitors

A

Saxagliptin/Onglyza
Sitagliptin/Januvia
Linagliptin/Tradjenta

19
Q

What are the functions of DPP-4 Inhibitors

A

Decrease glucose release overnight and between meals

20
Q

What are the side effects of DPP-4 inhibitors

A

Cold-like symptoms (sore throat, stuffy notes, upper resp. infection)
Diarreah
Stomach Discomfort

21
Q

What are the types of SGLT-2 Inhibitors

A

Canagliflozin/Invokana
Dapagliflozin/Farxiga
Empaglyfloxin/Jardiance

22
Q

What is the function of SGLT-2 Inhibitors

A

Kidneys excrete glucose via urine

23
Q

What are the side effects of SGLT-2 Inhibitors

A 
Acidosis
Dehydration
Increased Cholesterol
Yeast Infection
\+other Rx DM meds = hypoglycemia
24
Q

Name the nutrition interactions of SGLT-2 inhibitors

A

do not take with food
interferes with Vit D, Ca, P metabolism
take with Ca supplement

RD Exam (8 decks)

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