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OTA PTA therapeutic skills - cardiorespiratory system > Diabetes, LE amputations > Flashcards

Diabetes, LE amputations Flashcards

1
Q

Diabetes

A

chronic disease with progressive course

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2
Q

Type 1 diabetes

A

insulin deficiency
no longer produced by pancreas

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3
Q

Type 2 diabetes

A

Insulin resistance
insulin is produced, but no longer able to perform its function

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4
Q

Insulin

A

Hormone for glucose going out of blood

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5
Q

Diabetic Neuropathy

A

loss of sensation
unsteady gait

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6
Q

Effects of diabetes on body

A

Diabetic neuropathy
retinopathy
decreased circulation

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7
Q

Retinopathy

A

damage to blood vessels in retina

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8
Q

Decreased circulation

A

leads to diabetic ulcers, slower healing of wounds and sometimes amputation

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9
Q

Diabetes impacts individual’s

A

personal
environmental
social
spiritual
physical wellbeing

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10
Q

promoting successful prevention and management

A

healthy eating routines
physical activity routine
education on monitoring blood sugar and BP
Education on medication management

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11
Q

Education on physical activity - diabetes

A

Helps decrease glucose levels down and out of blood stream
muscles use glucose when exercising

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12
Q

Monitoring blood sugar and BP

A

daily

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13
Q

Mirror inspection

A

everywhere on body for pressure sores
foot examination and offloading

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14
Q

Diabetes and lower limb amputations

A

diabetes is leading cause of non-traumatic lower extremity amputations

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15
Q

other word for amputated leg

A

residual limb

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16
Q

causes of lower LE amputations

A

vascular disease
cancer
trauma
congenital - born with missing limb

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17
Q

Major limb amputations

A

above knee
below knee
any amputation below knee

18
Q

Above knee amputation

A

Transfemoral

19
Q

Below knee amputation

A

transtibial

20
Q

minor amputations

A

at or below ankle level
toe amputation
foot amputation

21
Q

2 main phases of rehab

A

pre-prosthetic phase
prosthetic phase

22
Q

Pre-prosthetic

A

phase 1
wound is still healing
important phase

23
Q

Phase 1 - main goals

A

prevention of contractures
swelling control
shaping of residual limb
desensitizing techniques

24
Q

swelling control

A

compression socks

25
Q

shaping of residual limb by…

A

bandaging

26
Q

desensitizing techniques

A

rubbing
massage
circular motions

27
Q

proper caring of residual limb

A

regular inspections

28
Q

ADLs: washing/drying

A

at night, everyday
mild soap
pat dry with towel
moisture

29
Q

Prosthetic phase

A

receiving prosthesis
gait re-education
center of gravity reorientation
personal hygiene and prosthetic care

30
Q

positioning do’s and don’ts - Wheelchair

A

No crossing leg
no flexion for long amounts of time
swelling control

31
Q

Positioning do’s and don’ts - Bed

A

No pillows
no leg dangling
straight leg
legs together

32
Q

Dressing and bathing

A

training for LE dressing
Important to grade ADLs
ADL assistive devices and training

33
Q

ADL assistive devices and training

A

balance and bending
sock aid
long handled shoehorn

34
Q

ADL grading - low to high functioning

A

Dress in bed, not on edge (bridging technique)

35
Q

ADL grading - highest

A

standing while dressing

36
Q

Amputations - Transfers early in therapy

A

transfer toward unaffected side

37
Q

Transfer progression - amputation

A

transferring toward both directions

38
Q

Phantom limb pain interventions

A

mirror therapy
exercise for circulation
distraction
soaking in warm bath
massage limb
pain diary
relaxation techniques

39
Q

Mirror therapy

A

tricking brain into thinking lost limb is there

40
Q

Pain diary

A

what’s causing pain
when it is causing pain
can determine what is causing pain

OTA PTA therapeutic skills - cardiorespiratory system (8 decks)

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