Diabetes & Idiopathic Cardiomyopathy

Question 1

Cardiomyopathy (kahr-dee-o-my-OP-uh-thee)

Answer 1

is a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for your heart to pump blood to the rest of your body. Cardiomyopathy can lead to heart failure. The main types of cardiomyopathy include dilated, hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathy.

Question 2

Ischemia or ischaemia

Answer 2

is a restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen that is needed for cellular metabolism (to keep tissue alive). Ischemia is generally caused by problems with blood vessels, with resultant damage to or dysfunction of tissue

Question 3

Idiopathic:

Answer 3

Of unknown cause. Any disease that is of uncertain or unknown origin may be termed idiopathic.

Question 4

90,000 cases of coded as primary cardiomyopathy:

Answer 4

1. Hospitalizations occurred at a higher rate among individuals with diabetes.
2. Diabetes was associated with ICM, independent of age, gender, income, or hypertension.
3. The association was strongest among discharges with microvascular complications of diabetes.
4. Diabetes is significantly associated with nonischemic systolic dysfunction.
5. Diabetes-related ICM occurs more frequently than had been suspected.

Question 5

How T2D damages heart

Answer 5

In “Diabetes Mellitus and Congestive Heart Failure,” the authors cite a reference that hyperinsulinemia (insulin resistance) is associated with diabetes and impaired endothelial function leading to heart muscle dysfunction as a consequence of compromised myocardial blood flow

Question 6

t2d pathology of cardiomyopathy

Answer 6

It is a known fact that myocardial ischemia does occur. It is not always due to the major arteries of the heart, but also to the capillaries. The capillaries, which are lined by endothelium located throughout the myocardium, are the target of hyperinsulinemia; hence, type 2 diabetes pathology.

Question 7

Number of amputations per year due to diabetes. This covered the years from 2000-2015. 12/2018

Answer 7

“Each year, approximately 200,000 non-traumatic amputations occur. African Americans are 4 times more likely to experience diabetes-related amputation than whites.