Diabetes drugs Flashcards
METFORMIN
- Weight neutral, reduces insulin sensitivity, no hypos, cardioprotective.
- Not used in kidney impairment - egFR under 45 reduce, eGFR stop it.
- Causes bloating, diarrhoea, indigestion.
FIRST LINE
Sulfonylurea
- Weight gain, increase insulin SECRETION- helping you absorb calories.
- Causes HYPOS and weight gain.
- Works quickly!! Glimepiride
DDP4 = Gliptins
Increasing insulin secretion.
Don’t use if someone’s had pancreatitis before (increase pancreas risk)
Weight neutral. Lower risk of HYPOS.
“GLIP-ancreatitis “
Glitazones - Pioglitazones.
(piolitazones PILE on the weight).
Reduces resistance. Weight gain.
Don’t use in cardio problems. Avoid in bladder issues.
Don’t use if got osteoporotic fracturs.
SGLT-2s
Canigiflosin, impagliflosin. UTIS and thrush Lose weight Helps prevent heart failure. Reno-protective. Don’t take when feeling unwell or egFR under 60 or type 1. SuGar Through wee
GLP-1
GLP-1 Reduce weight. Increase insulin resistance. Make feel sick. Cardioprotective. Expensive. Good data - not comparable. Gastric empting Prolonged GLP-1 = pancreatitis DDP-4 = Pancreatitis DDP-ancreatitis
magic numbers for diabetes
48-53-58 for drugs
HBA1C
BA1C 42-47, = impaired glucose tolerance. 47+ is diabetes.
Cant do in pregnancy, type 1 and haematological disorder or renal anaemia or hyposplenism. Have higher turnover, people transfused regularly.
random blood glucose
< 7 is normal, 7-11 is borderline, 11+ is diabetes
FBG Fasting blood glucose =
< 6 normal, 6-7 pre-diabetic, > 7 is diabetic.