Diabetes drugs

Question 1

METFORMIN

Answer 1

• Weight neutral, reduces insulin sensitivity, no hypos, cardioprotective.
  
  • Not used in kidney impairment - egFR under 45 reduce, eGFR stop it.
  • Causes bloating, diarrhoea, indigestion.
    FIRST LINE

Question 2

Sulfonylurea

Answer 2

• Weight gain, increase insulin SECRETION- helping you absorb calories.
  
  • Causes HYPOS and weight gain.
  • Works quickly!! ‎Glimepiride

Question 3

DDP4 = Gliptins

Answer 3

Increasing insulin secretion.
Don’t use if someone’s had pancreatitis before (increase pancreas risk)
Weight neutral. Lower risk of HYPOS.
“GLIP-ancreatitis “

Question 4

Glitazones - Pioglitazones.

Answer 4

(piolitazones PILE on the weight).
Reduces resistance. Weight gain.
Don’t use in cardio problems. Avoid in bladder issues.
Don’t use if got osteoporotic fracturs.

Question 5

SGLT-2s

Answer 5

Canigiflosin, impagliflosin. 
UTIS and thrush Lose weight
Helps prevent heart failure. 
Reno-protective. 
Don’t take when feeling unwell or egFR under 60 or type 1.
SuGar Through wee

Question 6

GLP-1

Answer 6

GLP-1 
Reduce weight. Increase insulin resistance.
Make feel sick. Cardioprotective.
Expensive. 
Good data - not comparable.
Gastric empting Prolonged
GLP-1 = pancreatitis
DDP-4 = Pancreatitis
DDP-ancreatitis

Question 7

magic numbers for diabetes

Answer 7

48-53-58 for drugs

Question 8

HBA1C

Answer 8

BA1C 42-47, = impaired glucose tolerance. 47+ is diabetes.
Cant do in pregnancy, type 1 and haematological disorder or renal anaemia or hyposplenism. Have higher turnover, people transfused regularly.

Question 9

random blood glucose

Answer 9

< 7 is normal, 7-11 is borderline, 11+ is diabetes

Question 10

FBG Fasting blood glucose =

Answer 10

< 6 normal, 6-7 pre-diabetic, > 7 is diabetic.